# Sustainability

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Sustainability is the capacity to endure in a relatively ongoing way across various domains of life. In the 21st century, it refers generally to the capacity for...

Sustainability is the capacity to endure in a relatively ongoing way across various domains of life. In the 21st century, it refers generally to the capacity for Earth's biosphere and human civilization to co-exist. For many, sustainability is defined through the interconnected domains of environment, economy and society. Despite the increased popularity of the term "sustainability" and its usage, the possibility that human societies will achieve environmental sustainability has been, and continues to be, questioned—in light of environmental degradation, biodiversity loss, climate change, overconsumption, population growth and societies' pursuit of unlimited economic growth in a closed system.A related concept is that of "sustainable development", which is often discussed through the domains of culture, technology economics and politics. Sustainable development may be seen as the organizing principle of sustainability. According to Our Common Future (the "Brundtland Report" in 1987), sustainable development is defined as development that "meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs."Moving towards sustainability can involve social challenges such as individual lifestyles and ethical consumerism. Sustainable living approaches can reduce environmental impacts by altering the built environment to create more sustainable cities which support sustainable transport and zero emission housing as well as sustainable architecture and circular flow land use management.
The philosophical and analytic framework of sustainability draws on and connects with many different disciplines and fields; this is also called sustainability science.

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Sarah E. Cornell
Global change researcher. Associate Professor in Sustainability Science, Principal Researcher at Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University.
Will Steffen
Will Steffen (born 1947) is an American chemist. He was the executive director of the Australian National University (ANU) Climate Change Institute and a member of the Australian Climate Commission until its dissolution in September 2013. From 1998 to 2004, he was the executive director of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme, a co-ordinating body of national environmental change organisations based in Stockholm. Steffen is one of the founding Climate Councillors of the Climate Council with whom he frequently co-authors reports and speaks in the media on issues relating to climate change and renewable energy.
Giorgos Kallis
Political ecologist, Ecological Economist, Loves #Degrowth, #academicwriting.
Tiina Häyhä
Tiina Häyhä's research focuses on developing approaches for operationalising the planetary boundaries framework for different sectors Häyhä is a researcher within the Planetary Boundaries Research Lab, working with global sustainability issues. Her research interests include exploring challenges of human development and global environmental sustainability. Her current research focuses on developing approaches for operationalising the planetary boundaries framework at sub-global scales and for different sectors.
Jacques Grinevald
Epistemologist and historian of scientific and technological development, Jacques Grinevald is a member of the “Geological Society of London” and of the “Anthropocene Working Group”. As a trans-disciplinary researcher, he develops his thought around three main figures: the military engineer, Sadi Carnot (1796-1832) pioneer of thermodynamics, the Russian scholar Vladimir Vernadsky (1863-1945), the creator of biochemistry and of the modern concept of “Biosphere” and finally the Romanian-American mathematician and economist Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen (1906-1994) of which he edited, with professor Ivo Rens, his thesis on bioeconomics under the title: “Degrowth: Entropy, Ecology and Economy” (Décroissance : Entropie, Ecologie et Economie, 1ère edition en 1979). He assembled a monumental chrono-bibliography entitled “Thinking and rethinking the Industrial Revolution” (Penser et Repenser la Révolution Industrielle) in which he returns over the entire historiography of the Industrial Revolution using the concept of “thermo-industrial revolution” from the time of Sadi Carnot and Joseph Fourier (1824). He has also published “La Biosphère de l’Anthropocène : Pétrole et Climat, la Double Menace, Repères Transdisciplinaires 1824-2007”. An entirely reviewed, updated and upgraded version has been released in 2013.
John Mcneill
John Robert McNeill (born 1954) is an American environmental historian, author, and professor at Georgetown University. He is best known for "pioneering the study of environmental history". In 2000 he published Something New Under the Sun: An Environmental History of the Twentieth-Century World, which argues that human activity during the 20th century led to environmental changes on an unprecedented scale, primarily due to the energy system built around fossil fuels.
Paul Jozef Crutzen
Paul Jozef Crutzen (3 December 1933 – 28 January 2021) was a Dutch meteorologist and atmospheric chemist. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1995 for his work on atmospheric chemistry and specifically for his efforts in studying the formation and decomposition of atmospheric ozone. In addition to studying the ozone layer and climate change, he popularized the term Anthropocene to describe a proposed new epoch in the Quaternary period when human actions have a drastic effect on the Earth. He was also amongst the first few scientists to introduce the idea of a nuclear winter to describe the potential climatic effects stemming from large-scale atmospheric pollution including smoke from forest fires, industrial exhausts, and other sources like oil fires. He was a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and an elected foreign member of the Royal Society in the United Kingdom.
Johan Rockström
Director @PIK_climate, @sthlmresilience, Professor Earth Science internationally recognised scientist on global sustainability, including #PlanetaryBoundaries
David J.C. MacKay
Professor Sir David John Cameron MacKay (22 April 1967 – 14 April 2016) was a British physicist, mathematician, and academic. He was the Regius Professor of Engineering in the Department of Engineering at the University of Cambridge and from 2009 to 2014 was Chief Scientific Advisor to the UK Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC). MacKay authored the book Sustainable Energy – Without the Hot Air.
Kip Anderson
Kip Andersen is an American filmmaker, producer, writer, entrepreneur, and the founder of Animals United Movement (A.U.M.) Films and Media, a 501(c)(3) organization which focuses on promoting awareness and equality for all life. He is known for his documentary films such as Cowspiracy: The Sustainability Secret, What the Health, and Seaspiracy.
Paul Burkett
The author, who received his doctorate from Syracuse University in 1984, is a professor in the Department of Economics at Indiana State University. He teaches courses in Marxism, ecology and development.
Joanna Atherfold Finn
oanna has a PhD in English, has taught Creative Writing at the University of Newcastle, and tutors primary and high school students in English and Creative Writing to HSC level. She also works as a freelance journalist and writes a weekly 'agony aunt' column under a pseudonym. ​ While working as a Communications and Contracts manager, she completed her Communications degree and was awarded the Herald University of Newcastle Journalism award. Changing her focus to creative writing, she completed English honours and was awarded the University Medal. Watermark was published by Simon & Schuster in 2018 and launched at the Newcastle Writers Festival by Robert Drewe. Joanna has also had stories published in several anthologies and was runner-up in the Carmel Bird Short Fiction Award with two of her short stories published in the 'Amanda Lohrey Selects' series through multi platform publishing company Spineless Wonders. Joanna has presented papers on Australian literature at conferences and symposiums including the International Conference on the Short Story in English in Vienna. She lives with her family in Port Stephens. Her second book, co-authored with Rebecca Prince-Ruiz, is Plastic Free: The Inspiring Story of a Global Environmental Movement and Why It Matters .
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