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The Siege of Loyalty House: A Civil War Story

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It was a time of climate change and colonialism, puritans and populism, witch hunts and war.

A greater proportion of the British population died in the civil wars of the seventeenth century than in the world wars of the twentieth. Author Jessie Childs recovers the shock of this conflict by plunging us into one of its most extraordinary episodes: the siege of Basing House. To the parliamentarians, the royalist stronghold was the devil's seat. Its defenders called it "Loyalty House."

We follow artists, apothecaries, merchants and their families from the revolutionary streets of London to the Marquess of Winchester's mist-shrouded mansion. Over two years, they are battered, bombarded, starved, and gassed. From within they face smallpox, spies, and mutiny. Their resistance becomes legendary, but in October 1645, Oliver Cromwell rolls in the heavy guns and they prepare for a last stand.

Drawing on unpublished manuscripts and the voices of dozens of men, women, and children caught in the crossfire, Childs weaves a thrilling tale of war and peace, terror and faith, savagery and civilisation.

336 pages, Hardcover

First published May 19, 2022

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About the author

Jessie Childs

3 books74 followers
Jessie Childs is an award-winning historian, broadcaster and the author of God's Traitors (PEN Hessell-Tiltman Prize for History), Henry VIII's Last Victim (Elizabeth Longford Prize for Historical Biography) and, most recently, The Siege of Loyalty House, which tells the story of the heroic resistance of a royalist mansion in the English Civil War. Simon Schama has called it ‘extraordinary, thrilling, immersive… at times almost Tolstoyan in its emotional intelligence and literary power’.

Jessie has written and reviewed for many papers, including the Sunday Times, Guardian and London Review of Books. TV contributions include the BAFTA-nominated Elizabeth I's Secret Agents (BBC 2 & PBS) and two BBC series on Charles I.

She lives with her husband, two daughters and a cairn terrier in Hammersmith, not far from a brewery, a distillery and the River Thames.

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5 stars
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103 (39%)
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Displaying 1 - 30 of 30 reviews
Profile Image for Geevee.
382 reviews278 followers
March 6, 2024
The Paulet family had built and owned Basing House, near Basingstoke since 1535. The site was already well-known locally as it had first been a mote and bailey in Norman times, and then evolved to a stone castle shortly after in the 1100s. The house built by the Paulet's in the sixteenth century was considerable in size and scale, and hosted royalty - Henry VIII, Elizabeth I and Philip II of Spain & Queen Mary I who honeymooned there - and many other significant families and guests.

In Norman times it was an important site as it was close to the river Loddon and the road to London, and under the fifth Marquess of Winchester, John Paulet, who was a Royalist (a supporter of King Charles I) Basing House remained a key site that was attacked many times and periodically under heavy siege three times by Parliamentarian troops aka Roundheads. The Paulet family motto was Aymez Loyaulte (Love Loyalty) and hence Basing House was carried the romantic and stirring name, Loyalty House.

Jessie Childs's story of the siege is a deeply researched book that follows the wider events of the civil war, and the specific events at Loyalty House by focussing in on a number of key characters who were present using a vast array of contemporary sources.

This approach means Ms Childs is able to give detail on the pre-war lives and occupations of those on both sides and how they came to be with the Royalists or Parliamentarians and at Basing House. This provides a good understanding of why people were at Basing House, how they prepared to defend or inflict the siege and what became of them throughout. Those besieged were not just men as there were women and children present too. Likewise, for the attackers there were the usual myriad of camp followers. In both cases, and especially for the defenders, they offered useful service but also complicated matters in being further mouths to feed and watch over.

As the first period of the siege gets underway, Ms Childs, ably describes the events. This is very interesting as she can tell the reader of how the attacks were carried out, including the use of trenches and revetments, mortars (grenadoes), cannon and even a very early form of chemical warfare using arsenic.

The difficulties of those within Basing House are well-described. These include the impact and damage done by the bombardments and of the hard times brought by a shortage of food, sleep and comfort as well as the challenges of nursing wounded and how illness and disease take its toll. There are also efforts at resupply and relief and these, using the records and sources give a further view into the wider war around Basingstoke and Oxford.

The end finally comes with Oliver Cromwell entering the stage. The immediate aftermath for the besieged is bleak, and again this is described in detail with explanations for what happened and why given and how they related to conduct and behaviours for the time. Ms Childs does throughout the book use the news-sheet writers and their comments/reports and verses to show how the siege and key characters is seen in London (much of it uncorroborated and blunt propaganda for the side they support), but this adds insight and interest.

This said, I thought the Epilogue a little disappointing. Whilst we learn of the main surviving characters' fate and in some cases later lives, I felt the opportunity to discuss the siege and the tactics used in a wider strategic context was missed.

However, this is a very readable and informative book, and one I would recommend to those who have a interest in the Stuart period, the English Civil War, or indeed how ordinary citizens became foes with bitter and bloody outcomes.

My copy was the 2023 Vintage paperback with 4 line drawn maps and 8 black and white illustrations. There are a further 44 colour and black and white photos within two sections of glossy plates.
Profile Image for Darryl Tomo.
54 reviews2 followers
June 10, 2022
A fantastic achievement - brings the history of this neglected period of time alive like no other. Childs skilfully tells the story of the Civil War through the lens of the siege of Basing House, and the people caught up in the siege. It's so skilfully and effectively done, and so illuminating, that I forgot I was reading about the 17th century at points as the descriptions of suffering in war etc are so universal.
Loved it, one of the best history books I've read for a long time.
Profile Image for Jason Wilson.
701 reviews3 followers
June 8, 2022
The siege of Basing House in Basingstoke was a microcosm of the English civil war. The author shows us characters on both sides , an assortment of soldiers, aristocrats, traders , actors and all kinds of people. Through them we see the nuanced views of many - not all those loyal to the office of the king had high regard for Charles or the Stuarts. Henry Rawdon for instance was an importer of wine from many countries and couldn’t afford to be sectarian. Though he fought for the king, he felt the reign of Archbishop Laud under Charles was just as harsh as Puritan excesses. In John Venn his former colleague , opposed to episcopacy and also alienated by the Kings refusal to hold a parliament, we see his opposite number . Likewise , some Roundheads questioned the savagery sometimes displayed.


For those supporting Parliament, we do see how the kings ship money tax affected traders badly. We also see Charles rejecting what are reasonable peace terms in the name of absolute monarchy. As the house crumbles It’s an engrossing portrait of the horrors of siege warfare even then. And marshalling the resistance to Cromwell’s forces , it’s a female aristocrat , lady Honora Paulet, who shines in the masculine world of war.

Estimates of Cromwell’s brutality go and up down - since Antonia Frasers biography of him, views have been more nuanced in terms of reaction to a royalist regime not marked by tolerance , and some genuine desire on Cromwell’s part for some tolerance in peacetime, as well as ending of some needless wars ( despite the massacres which even in an age of harsh militaristic solutions can’t be exonerated, though they have been exaggerated ). But war is war , though when the end comes more are taken alive than slaughtered. In the end, he beat the king because he was simply a better strategist, and his glorying in victory is understandable but jarring nowadays.

This book is well researched and written and good for giving us views on the ground as the king and parliament slugged it out. I suspect a lot of us would probably side with Rawdon - whatever our views on royalty or any established authority , it’s a big thing to go to war with it and you have to know your convictions, especially when what you’re being offered is a clash between two less than tolerant regimes . Proportionately the civil war would take more English lives than World War One .
Profile Image for Suzanne McDonald.
54 reviews1 follower
June 4, 2022
Absolutely magnificent - a powerful story, splendidly researched and superbly told. Through her deft portraits of a handful of key people we are drawn into their lives before they are thrown into the maelstrom of life at Basing, which makes the accounts of the sieges all the more moving. (My personal favorite is Thomas Johnson, the London apothecary and herbalist, as we see him with his family and plying his trade, and follow him from his delight in plant-hunting forays to his courage as an officer at Basing, to his much-lamented death). And then, for those who survive, we briefly follow their lives through the aftermath of the Civil Wars into 1650s and the Restoration. Childs is incredibly sure-footed in the historical big picture and the details, so that as well as this being the story of those caught up in Basing House during the First Civil War, it also becomes a terrific - and wonderfully readable - overview of almost the whole 17th C.
Profile Image for Brian Hanson.
265 reviews5 followers
June 27, 2023
It's a stretch to call this book - as Simon Schama does in a cover blurb - "almost Tolstoyan" (the "almost" doing a lot of lifting there), as the sources don't permit any sustained access into the internal lives of the protagonists. It is interesting, though, in its approach to the much-studied English Civil War. If the actual siege of the title is presented as little more than a series of set-pieces, Childs' broader agenda - reaching back to a pre-War London neighbourhood, where some later sworn enemies lived together in peace - does show decisively how great matters of State can take their toll at the local and family level.
March 21, 2023
Had high expectations from the reviews and the blurb, and although I can't fault the detail, and I liked the premise, I found myself getting bored quite often, which surprised me, considering the new relevance of the material, and the balanced way in which I felt the whole thing was presented. I certainly learned a lot, but just felt something was lacking.
Profile Image for Graham.
184 reviews3 followers
January 12, 2023
Great story telling which drew me in. At first I was daunted by the many names and the unfamiliarity of this period of history. Gradually the author builds the story and the characters come alive. By the end I was looking forward to learning more about the civil war and the years that followed.
Profile Image for Christopher Solomon.
6 reviews1 follower
March 18, 2024
The Siege of Loyalty House by Jessie Childs

There is something about a siege that demonstrates the despair and perils of war. This is my second time reading about the English Civil War and has been on my radar since it was published in 2022. I heard Jessie Childs discuss the story in her interview with Dan Snow on the History Hit podcast and was immediately intrigued. The Siege of Loyalty House is a fantastic opportunity to dive into a story about a siege that offered insight into the brutal conflict that is the broader history of England during the 1640s.

Loyalty House, the informal name for Basing House in Hampshire county, became a royalist stronghold at the outbreak of the civil war. With Charles I located to the north in Oxford, the royalist garrison at Basing House helped maintain their position in the south, not far from London, which was in the hands of the Parliamentarian forces.

Basing House came under siege three times between 1643 and 1645. Childs introduces the reader to a range of key figures and ordinary people who are transformed from their normal lives into new military and political roles. These figures suddenly find themselves in a world transformed as the squabbling between the King and Parliament thrusts the country into open conflict.

Childs’ narrative style is a bit different from what I’m used to with reading history. It took me a bit to get used to it but it worked and was enjoyable. There are certain breaks were the narration takes us back to the present, such as when she writes: “we’ll never know whether he/she…” However, I didn’t mind this much and the book was packed with an intense level of detail that all contributed to the recreation of the time period. One depiction of the combat stood out:

“The fighting was a messy affair. There was no standard uniform yet, so soldiers distinguished friend from foe by colours, field signs and passwords. At Cheriton that day, the parliamentarians chose to wear something white in their hats and use the password ‘God with us’. So too did the royalists. All was chaos, each man slashing and straining on uneven terrain along hedged lanes that caught the cavalry in bottlenecks.”

The siege demonstrated the gallantry of the garrison and how they were resourceful in holding off the Parliamentarian forces twice before falling to Oliver Cromwell in ‘45. Most interesting are the stories surrounding the personal lives of many key characters, such as Thomas Johnson, a London apothecary who joins up with the royalist cause.

The sectarian nature of the war was abundantly clear as the siege unfolded. Basing House itself became the target of Parliamentary propaganda, described as a den of papist who were conspiring to corrupt the country’s people. The garrison at Basing itself was a mix between Catholics and Protestants., although the religious differences between them were kept at bay, the internal politics and growing paranoia of spies within the royalist forces led to Charles to heed the Marquess of Winchester’s demands to remove Marmaduke Rawdon’s (Protestant) troops from Basing and direct them to the north.

I also enjoyed the presentation of Oliver Cromwell late into the story. As one of the central figures of the English Civil War, it was neat to introduce him later and Childs did an excellent job of explaining his perspective and how his forces ultimately prevail over the Royalist garrison within Basing House. It was also delightful to see what happened to the people who held out under the siege in the years that followed the end of the war. All in all, I highly recommend this book if you’re interested in the conflict and English history.
5 reviews3 followers
March 16, 2023
Here is a poignant story of the English Civil War, told from the perspective of those who were involved with Basing House, as beseigers or beseiged. Based on a meticulous review of documents, the various characters come alive thanks to the pen of Jessie Childs.
Profile Image for Carlton.
591 reviews
February 14, 2023
I am already somewhat familiar with the broad details of the English Civil War, having read several books about this over the past couple of years, so I found this history focussed mainly upon the defence of a single location, Basing House (known as Loyalty House) fascinating and enlightening. Although Childs picks particular individuals and events to describe to create a “collage” patchwork history, I felt that this was done skilfully and successfully built a richly illustrative story of the Civil War.

Basing House was an old castle from the twelfth century with an adjoining “new” house (with over 300 rooms) from the fifteenth century which was a fortification used by Royalists during the English Civil War to disrupt communications between the West of England and London.
As well as being the Civil War story of Basing House, which was owned by John Paulet, the fifth Marquess of Winchester, this is also the story of London merchants, Marmaduke Rawdon and John Venn.
Childs starts the book building the background to the Civil War by describing the slowly divergent outlooks of Rawdon and Venn, who both serve in the Honourable Artillery Company (artillery meaning muskets at this time). This description of the military companies funded and manned by members of the London merchant guilds was really interesting, as I had not previously understood how the armed Parliamentary militia had been created.
Childs describes the outset of the Civil War in 1642 and how Rawdon, the Anglican Royalist (insultingly termed malignant by Parliamentarians) unsuccessfully tries with other London merchants to maintain peace between the King and Parliament, as war is bad for business. However Rawdon abides by his oath to the King and follows King Charles to Oxford when the King deems it unsafe in London.
Venn however is more protestant, and therefore becomes loyal to Parliament rather than the King.

Childs also takes the time to illustrate why landowners (with the example of Edward Pitt of Stratfield Saye) who tried to take a middle path between Royalist and Parliamentary forces could end up choosing one side of the other by suffering their dependents.

Rawdon with an infantry regiment he has financed, is asked by the King to defend Basing House, near Basingstoke in Berkshire, which is owned by the Roman Catholic Marquess of Winchester (as a peer, he is called by his title, Winchester, rather than by his surname). Winchester already has a militia guarding the house, which is supplemented by more Roman Catholics,and local conscripts.
Childs’ story now moves to consider the defence of Basing House and tries to discuss the difficult relations between Rawdon and Winchester, who each command a regiment stationed at Basing House, but with Rawdon being Anglican and Winchester a Roman Catholic.

For the summer of 1643, Childs is able to quote from the diary of an anonymous besieged person (probably written by an officer, due to the nature of the entries).

Extracts are skilfully taken from Humfrey Peake’s Meditations upon a Seige [sic] of 1646 to bring the contemporary humanity and misery of a siege within our comprehension, perhaps (the description of contemplations may be from Basing House, but this is not certain).

There are a good number of illustrations, but my one criticism would be that the author should have better described the size of Basing House, which was a small fortress, rather than a large house.

I found this an enjoyable history, peppered with interesting characters, anecdotes and facts, to make an engaging story.
Profile Image for Heidi Malagisi.
318 reviews15 followers
August 1, 2023
A war between brothers and cousins to determine the future of England is raging, but it is not the same kind of war England saw during medieval times. It is a clash of ideas, religious beliefs, and a fight for the survival of the reigning English king. On one side were the Catholic supporters of King Charles I, known as Cavaliers, and on the other were the Protestant Roundheads who wanted to see the king removed from the throne. Caught in the middle was the home of the Winchesters, known as Basing House, a royalist stronghold, which withstood sieges and bloodshed for two years amid the conflict. Jessie Childs’ latest book, “The Siege of Loyalty House: A Story of the English Civil War,” is dedicated to telling the story of this remarkable house and the men and women who fought to the death to defend it.

Before reading this book, I knew little about the English Civil War. I knew that it ended with the death of King Charles I and Oliver Cromwell became the new ruler of England, and I knew that one side was called Roundheads while the other was referred to as Cavaliers, but I did not know which was which. So, I was pretty much walking into this book and this period in English history blind. I had heard about this book from historian friends on social media, so I decided to give it a shot.

Childs has focused more on the men and women involved in defending Basing House, also known as “Loyalty House,” a stronghold for royalists or those who chose to tear down the barricades. These men and women were not soldiers, far from it. They were apothecaries, architects, mothers, wives, gamekeepers, and ordinary people, alongside the Marquess and Marchioness of Winchester. From 1643 until 1645, Basing House and its inhabitants faced the horror of war with numerous siege attempts by the Protestant Roundheads, who wanted to see the Catholic Cavaliers fall.

I found this an enjoyable read and very intriguing. It is well-researched and introduces a brand new cast of characters from the past, along with the harrowing tale of Basing House. As a novice in studying the English Civil War, it was a challenging read for me. I will return to this book once I read more books about the English Civil War.

Childs has written a thrilling tale about the horrors of war resilience of those within the walls of Basing House. This may have been the first book I have read written by Jessie Childs, but it will not be my last. Suppose you have read books about the English Civil War and want another unique look into this tumultuous time in English history. In that case, I highly suggest you read “The Siege of Loyalty House: A Story of the English Civil War” by Jessie Childs.
Profile Image for Sembray.
58 reviews2 followers
May 26, 2023
3.5 stars

I regularly visit the town of Basingstoke for both work and leisure reasons, and some years ago I was even fortunate enough to attend a re-enactment of the battle which is the focal point of this book, so you can imagine my excitement when I noticed that this locally-inspired title would be published by a firm of national repute. This book combines an enthralling narrative of the struggle for control of Basing House with a broader account of the English Civil War, one of the most significant and sometimes-overlooked periods in the nation's history. Childs's approach of using various characters to illustrate these tumultuous years and the impact they had on everyone from the King to the most humble individuals is novel and gives the story an emotional weight and relevance. I particularly enjoyed the passages detailing the siege itself, as these offered a gripping and immersive insight into the bloody business of warfare during the early modern period. I would recommend this book to anyone interested in learning more about one of the defining events of Basingstoke's history, as well as any fans of more general history looking for an accessible insight into the Civil War and the unique cast of men and women who fought in it.
Profile Image for Jennifer Watts.
31 reviews1 follower
September 5, 2023
This is a great book for those interested in the English Civil War. Great attention to detail and excellent sources. I particularly loved the first chapters that were rich in character development and history. Focusing in on the battles at Basing House left space for the interesting stories and relationships between the characters.

I first learned about this book in 2022 from one of the History podcasts. I pre-ordered and am so glad I did. As a genealogy buff, the historical perspective was a great help to understanding the lives and mindset of the people during that time.

Highly recommend for those with an interest in Elizabethan and English Civil War history.
Profile Image for Scott.
15 reviews11 followers
October 6, 2022
Jessie Childs tells the story of Basing House during the English Civil War and shines a light on this not-well-known period of British history. Basing House was a focal point of the War because it sheltered a garrison of royalists—defenders of King Charles I—against the armies fighting for the supremacy of Parliament over the monarchy. The book is an outstanding success--an engrossing and exciting account incorporating the highest historical standards, thoroughly researched and documented. Highly recommended.
1 review
October 22, 2022
A truly superb book. ‘The Siege of Loyalty House’ is well researched and beautifully written. Childs has a remarkable ability to zoom in and out on events, showing how people can be swept up by the wider political context, but how individuals too are vital in shaping changes. She captures the fascinating stories of little-known individuals; the apothecaries, print sellers, preachers, merchants, and others whose lives became separated or intimately entwined as much through happenstance as the forces of history.
8 reviews
January 15, 2023
For the most part i really enjoyed this read. Very detailed and informative, as a history teacher also very useful.

Would have loved a more focussed epilogue though. A bit of analysis from the author would have been a perfect ending. Was this a typical siege? What does it tell us about warfare? What does it tell us about opinions on the cavaliers and Roundheads? Would have given 5* if we had ended with an analysis.

But if you're not too interested in that, I would thoroughly recommend this read as a different way of doing non-fiction.
141 reviews1 follower
December 11, 2023
A well written account of a rather forgotten but vital episode in the Civil Wars (The Wars of the Three Kingdoms), the siege of Basing House, clearly based on very extensive research. The author doesn't stick entirely to the chronology, which makes for some confusion, and there are a few minor errors. The book could have done with a more detailed map of the immediate environs of Basing as well. Nevertheless, Childs manages to bring life to the main protagonists and makes the most of the extensive but inevitably incomplete evidence. It is a vivid story.
Profile Image for Ed Crutchley.
Author 7 books7 followers
June 8, 2023
An incredibly well told account of the plight of Basing House near Basingstoke during the Civil War. The descriptions of 17th century warfare, the actions of both sides, and the many personalities involved are extensively researched. The epilogue is a masterpiece. Such a beautifully written book is terrific fun to read despite the grimness of the subject. I can’t recall such a good book on history.
Profile Image for Nick Jones.
88 reviews
June 18, 2023
What Jessie Childs does extraordinarily well is to turn a Civil War siege I had never heard of into both an account of the wider events of the Civil War but, more importantly, a collection of human stories about the many different people who took part and how they found themselves fighting for a country house is Southern England.
Profile Image for Ben.
76 reviews2 followers
September 15, 2022
A fascinating book that uses the microcosm of a long siege of a Royalist stronghold to focus in on the complexities of the English Civil War and the people caught up in its savageries but also acts of honour at times. It was indeed in so many ways a world turned upside down.
Profile Image for Daniel Reynolds.
68 reviews1 follower
April 17, 2023
This is a wonderful work. It brings the whole siege to life, enabling you to enter it through the lens of the key characters involved. Meticulously researched, superbly written, and often very funny.
Profile Image for Michael Romo.
424 reviews1 follower
February 12, 2024
An extraordinary siege and an extraordinary book! This book was extremely readable and knowledgeable. I learned a lot of things about the English Civil War, that I simply did not know. Highly recommended.
4 reviews
February 1, 2023
Absolutely loved this book. Lots of facts told in an engaging way. Wonderful
Profile Image for Iola Shaw.
163 reviews1 follower
May 29, 2023
Very fact centred not my usual style of listening but great on detail 're the civil war in UK
Profile Image for Jungi Hong.
33 reviews10 followers
Read
September 1, 2023
incredibly researched and concise work on an interesting, important era for both worlds
Profile Image for Simon Harrison.
164 reviews7 followers
October 31, 2023
Adds moving human detail to a period which can't be understood by looking at battle lines and reading proclamations (howevermuch I've tried)
Profile Image for Emma Paulet.
82 reviews5 followers
April 8, 2024
A comprehensive and cinematic account of the siege of Basing House. Childs's sense of humour is notable throughout, which I enjoyed. Also learnt about other Paulets!
Profile Image for Stephen Ede-Borrett.
97 reviews1 follower
August 4, 2022
This book has had so many rave reviews already that yet another would seem superfluous. Let me just say it was a great read and is a superb book whether you are interested in the English Civil War for itself or not. Try it - you WILL enjoy, I am certain.
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