The book is a treasure trove of new information on the centuries-long monetary history of a society (which happens to be China). While its content may have value for many political historians of China or East Asia, there are numerous things of all kinds to learn for monetary economists.
To be sure, the author does not spend adequate time on implications or theoretical lessons as on numbers and event descriptions. Comprehension becomes even more difficult for readers unfamiliar with Chinese history or those who struggle with Chinese nouns/names.
The most important lesson from the book for this reviewer is that currencies and monetary policies have had vastly different forms and results over time. Historically, perceived value in any non-specie currency was primarily a function of the trust and legitimacy of the issuing rulers. Once past this, acceptance in pre-industrial communities depended on the imposed use cases - first and foremost driven by the acceptable mode of payment (as well as the amount) for taxes.
If Chinese monetary history provides good evidence to bolster chartalism, there is much more ammunition in the book for money supply monetarists. With different forms of fiat currencies in issuance over almost a thousand years, China's political history has examples of ravages wrought by both excessive and deficient money supply.
There are tales of instability caused by the uncontrolled private money-minting for present-day policy practitioners. Less useful are flows instigated by inefficient markets and exchange rate arbitrages. While linkages between monetary and fiscal policies are obvious to any economist, the book provides good examples of connections between money and politics/geopolitics.
This is not an easy read but for the interested, here is a unique history that leaves one with many things to ponder.
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Empire of Silver: A New Monetary History of China Kindle Edition
A thousand-year history of how China’s obsession with silver influenced the country’s financial well-being, global standing, and political stability
This revelatory account of the ways silver shaped Chinese history shows how an obsession with “white metal” held China back from financial modernization. First used as currency during the Song dynasty in around 900 CE, silver gradually became central to China’s economic framework and was officially monetized in the middle of the Ming dynasty during the sixteenth century. However, due to the early adoption of paper money in China, silver was not formed into coins but became a cumbersome “weighing currency,” for which ingots had to be constantly examined for weight and purity—an unwieldy practice that lasted for centuries.
While China’s interest in silver spurred new avenues of trade and helped increase the country’s global economic footprint, Jin Xu argues that, in the long run, silver played a key role in the struggles and entanglements that led to the decline of the Chinese empire.
This revelatory account of the ways silver shaped Chinese history shows how an obsession with “white metal” held China back from financial modernization. First used as currency during the Song dynasty in around 900 CE, silver gradually became central to China’s economic framework and was officially monetized in the middle of the Ming dynasty during the sixteenth century. However, due to the early adoption of paper money in China, silver was not formed into coins but became a cumbersome “weighing currency,” for which ingots had to be constantly examined for weight and purity—an unwieldy practice that lasted for centuries.
While China’s interest in silver spurred new avenues of trade and helped increase the country’s global economic footprint, Jin Xu argues that, in the long run, silver played a key role in the struggles and entanglements that led to the decline of the Chinese empire.
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherYale University Press
- Publication dateFebruary 23, 2021
- File size11074 KB
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Editorial Reviews
Review
"Empire of Silver is superbly written and a great joy to read. Ingeniously blending literary evidence from materials as diverse as Chinese classical novels with serious academic research, the book gives extraordinary theoretical and historical insights on big questions about politics, money, finance, and the Great Divergence. It is a wonderful book for understanding one thousand years of Chinese monetary history."--Debin Ma, Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo, Japan
"Empire of Silver is a fascinating, in-depth and scholarly work. It traces China's obsession with the precious metal for better and for worse over the centuries. Particularly interesting is the relationship between silver and the decline of the Qing dynasty in the 19th century - a passage of history that maintains crucial relevance to the China of today."--James Kynge, author of China Shakes the World
"Empire of Silver is a fascinating, in-depth and scholarly work. It traces China's obsession with the precious metal for better and for worse over the centuries. Particularly interesting is the relationship between silver and the decline of the Qing dynasty in the 19th century - a passage of history that maintains crucial relevance to the China of today."--James Kynge, author of China Shakes the World
About the Author
Jin Xu is senior editor and chief financial commentator at the Financial Times Chinese. She has been a visiting fellow at the University of Tokyo and a Caijing Fellow at Peking University. She lives in Shanghai.
Nancy Wu is an award-winning narrator who has worked in animation, television, theater, and film. Having lived and recorded all over the world, she is known for her vivid action/fantasy characters, accents, and bringing literature and nonfiction equally to life. A graduate of Amherst College with her master's degree in human rights, she is an avid Ashtanga yoga practitioner and rock climber. Born and raised in West Virginia, she currently resides in Boulder, Colorado.
Nancy Wu is an award-winning narrator who has worked in animation, television, theater, and film. Having lived and recorded all over the world, she is known for her vivid action/fantasy characters, accents, and bringing literature and nonfiction equally to life. A graduate of Amherst College with her master's degree in human rights, she is an avid Ashtanga yoga practitioner and rock climber. Born and raised in West Virginia, she currently resides in Boulder, Colorado.
Product details
- ASIN : B08T183HCB
- Publisher : Yale University Press (February 23, 2021)
- Publication date : February 23, 2021
- Language : English
- File size : 11074 KB
- Text-to-Speech : Enabled
- Screen Reader : Supported
- Enhanced typesetting : Enabled
- X-Ray : Not Enabled
- Word Wise : Enabled
- Sticky notes : On Kindle Scribe
- Print length : 385 pages
- Page numbers source ISBN : 0300250045
- Best Sellers Rank: #909,082 in Kindle Store (See Top 100 in Kindle Store)
- #127 in Comparative Economics (Books)
- #238 in Money & Monetary Policy (Kindle Store)
- #547 in History of China
- Customer Reviews:
Customer reviews
4.3 out of 5 stars
4.3 out of 5
33 global ratings
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Top reviews from the United States
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Reviewed in the United States on December 23, 2021
Reviewed in the United States on September 7, 2022
I read the Chinese version first. It was great.
It answered a few very fundamental questions:
1) why could China issue base metal coins for 2000 years, while the west had to find gold and silver to mint their coins?
2) why didn't China's invention of paper notes lead to a modern financial system in China?
3) when did China adopt a silver standard for coinage? (You'd be surprised)
This book made me re-think China's 2000 years of financial history.
It answered a few very fundamental questions:
1) why could China issue base metal coins for 2000 years, while the west had to find gold and silver to mint their coins?
2) why didn't China's invention of paper notes lead to a modern financial system in China?
3) when did China adopt a silver standard for coinage? (You'd be surprised)
This book made me re-think China's 2000 years of financial history.
Top reviews from other countries
Gabriel Stein
5.0 out of 5 stars
Fascinating
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on July 19, 2021
A fascinating story of Chinese monetary and fiscal history, and the role played by silver throughout the centuries. China was ahead of the world in many aspects – but not in finance. Yes, they used banknotes before anyone else; but these repeatedly failed and caused a return to commodity money. Every dynasty has struggled with its finances, and everyone of them failed. This eventually played a major role in China 19th and early 20th century weakness. In fact, it can be argued that monetary stability was absent for more than 4000 years, and was only achieved after 1949 – in a fashion.