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Artificial Intelligence: A Guide for Thinking Humans (Pelican Books) Paperback – International Edition, September 24, 2020

4.6 out of 5 stars 1,050 ratings

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'If you think you understand AI and all of the related issues, you don't. By the time you finish this exceptionally lucid and riveting book you will breathe more easily and wisely' - Michael Gazzaniga

A leading computer scientist brings human sense to the AI bubble

No recent scientific enterprise has been so alluring, terrifying and filled with extravagant promise and frustrating setbacks as artificial intelligence. Writing with clarity and passion, leading AI researcher Melanie Mitchell offers a captivating account of modern-day artificial intelligence.

Flavoured with personal stories and a twist of humour,
Artificial Intelligence illuminates the workings of machines that mimic human learning, perception, language, creativity and common sense. Weaving together advances in AI with cognitive science and philosophy, Mitchell probes the extent to which today's 'smart' machines can actually think or understand, and whether AI even requires such elusive human qualities at all.

Artificial Intelligence: A Guide for Thinking Humans provides readers with an accessible and clear-eyed view of the AI landscape, what the field has actually accomplished, how much further it has to go and what it means for all of our futures.

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Product details

  • Publisher ‏ : ‎ Pelican
  • Publication date ‏ : ‎ September 24, 2020
  • Edition ‏ : ‎ International Edition
  • Language ‏ : ‎ English
  • Print length ‏ : ‎ 419 pages
  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 0241404835
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0241404836
  • Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 9.1 ounces
  • Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 4.37 x 0.98 x 7.13 inches
  • Customer Reviews:
    4.6 out of 5 stars 1,050 ratings

About the author

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Melanie Mitchell
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Melanie Mitchell is a professor at the Santa Fe Institute. Melanie's book "Complexity: A Guided Tour" won the 2010 Phi Beta Kappa Science Book Award, was named by Amazon.com as one of the ten best science books of 2009, and was longlisted for the Royal Society's 2010 book prize. Her newest book is "Artificial Intelligence: A Guide for Thinking Humans".

Melanie originated the Santa Fe Institute's Complexity Explorer project, which offers free online courses related to complex systems. For more information, go to http://complexityexplorer.org.

Customer reviews

4.6 out of 5 stars
1,050 global ratings

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Customers say

Customers find the book provides a tremendous grasp of the subject, offering a great overview of AI history and highly technical concepts explained in an exceptionally clear style. The book receives positive feedback for its readability, with one customer noting it's written for the intelligent layperson. The visual content receives mixed reactions, with one customer appreciating the numerous visual examples while another finds it too technical.

48 customers mention "Understanding"48 positive0 negative

Customers appreciate the book's comprehensive approach to artificial intelligence, providing a great overview of its history and serving as an excellent reference.

"...part (Part V: The Barrier of Meaning) where Melanie beautifully develops the frameworks, concepts, illustrations and examples you need to deeply..." Read more

"...Ms. Mitchell, however lends a fascinating insight into the myriad ways in which various intrepid pioneers and computer experts attempted to distill..." Read more

"I cannot recommend this book enough. It offers an excellent, up-to-the-minute survey of the capabilities of artificial intelligence, the current..." Read more

"Good historical and AI development process information and perspective through 2019...." Read more

31 customers mention "Writing quality"31 positive0 negative

Customers appreciate the writing style of the book, finding it exceptionally clear and concise in explaining highly technical concepts.

"...develops the frameworks, concepts, illustrations and examples you need to deeply understand what it really means for humans to understand "meaning"..." Read more

"...Portland State University takes this conundrum head on in her eminently readable book, ““Artificial Intelligence: A Guide for Thinking Humans.”..." Read more

"...Best read of the year for me. A wonderful, readable, concise review of AI progress during the past 75 years, and a clear exposition of..." Read more

"...the main text, while she's discussing neural nets and natural language processing and IBM's Watson and AlphaGo — not as a separate, tacked on chapter..." Read more

28 customers mention "Readability"28 positive0 negative

Customers find the book highly readable, describing it as one of the best books and a must-read, with one customer noting they never got bored while reading it.

"...Best read of the year for me. A wonderful, readable, concise review of AI progress during the past 75 years, and a clear exposition of..." Read more

"I cannot recommend this book enough. It offers an excellent, up-to-the-minute survey of the capabilities of artificial intelligence, the current..." Read more

"...A good sense of humor (and wonder). 3) Lots of figures and diagrams, which really help comprehension...." Read more

"This layman found this very enjoyable read to provide an extraordinary clarification of what AI is: where it came from, it's future, and whether it..." Read more

8 customers mention "Ai background"8 positive0 negative

Customers appreciate the book's comprehensive overview of artificial intelligence and its clear explanations of algorithms.

"...A wonderful, readable, concise review of AI progress during the past 75 years, and a clear exposition of why what we have accomplished, while..." Read more

"...Bottom-line – This is the best book on AI for the general science/technology reader." Read more

"This is a far-reaching account of the history, key concepts, algorithms, limitations and current state of AI along with the personal perspective of..." Read more

"...explains the algorithms in an easy-to-understand style, and points at the limitations of..." Read more

10 customers mention "Visual content"6 positive4 negative

Customers have mixed opinions about the visual content of the book, with some appreciating the numerous figures and diagrams, while others find it too technical.

"...Both books are technically accurate, and have a lot of great examples...." Read more

"Great book albeit a bit technical, but it is a must read to understand how AI works by showing how it is programmed...." Read more

"...and programming languages from her explanations but providing well-chosen illustrations and diagrams that taught me more than all the other books..." Read more

"...human champions at Jeopardy and GO, it lacks more general capabilities for abstraction and understanding...." Read more

Good but dated
4 out of 5 stars
Good but dated
A good history of AI technology right up to the GPT explosion. Unfortunately, the book was written just as this revolution was about to unfold, so the power of transformers and self-attention are completely missing from the discussion. Instead, the author focuses on RNNs and CNNs (called ConvNets in the book) as the cutting edge, both of which are now rapidly fading into history. All that said, it's still an interesting read for the history of AI. And secondarily to see just how powerful AI has become. While reading, I had fun giving a modern multimodal AI the problems the author describes as "hard" and "very, very far" from being solved by AI and watching as it solved them perfectly a mere 5 years later. I attached a couple screenshots as examples; the first being able to describe not just what's in a photograph, but what's happening; the second being able to pick up the nuance of a short written interaction.
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Top reviews from the United States

  • Reviewed in the United States on July 21, 2023
    Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
    What Does It Mean to Align AI With Human Values? - The title of the Quanta Magazine article pretty much says it all. What's the problem here?

    Could it be A.I. mistaking what I meant? As the article begins with? If I tell A.I. to make me a coffee it decides to kill my cat and serve it to me? Or, does it mean "should be align our values with various cultures religious beliefs?" Or? How about align it with scientiifc values? What a crazy idea?

    Eric Drexler points out in his "Engines of Creation" that the problem isn't industrial accident, but abuse. Where is this guy with all these A.I ethicists talking about A.I. alignment? I remember trying to explain to this guy that people make up their ideas and decisions based on unquestioned assumptions(beliefs) and he turned red, jumped up and down and replied with a violent reaction. I guess he's nowhere; he's hid himself from looking at the world so he doesn't have to be criticized. Just like religious people believe in their god to punish all their enemies and to not be criticized.

    But, let's continue with this article and see what else we can dig up!

    "In fact, they believe that the machines’ inability to discern what we really want them to do is an existential risk. To solve this problem, they believe, we must find ways to align AI systems with human preferences, goals and values."

    Well, here we go! This quote says the A.I. alignment problem isn't just computers mistaking what we ask them to do, or whether we should align to this or that cultures values, but both!

    We further read this is the main idea from Nick Bostrom; the greatest futurist philosopher of today(and yesterday) Melanie points out Nick Bostram's definition of intelligent. This definition seems remarkably aligned with his idea of the A.I. alignment problem. An entity is intelligent if it chooses actions that achieve it's goal."

    Nick Bostrom lays down some postulates - orthogonality and instrumental convergence. People like to point out that you'll never see an abstract number two laying around on the ground, but this tops that. I mean like "what?" Once again, the definitions of these two concepts are set up to point to his idea of A.I. mistaking our commands.

    This almost reminds me of creationists objection to evolution - where's the missing links man? "Missing links?" Did scientists say anything about "missing links"? No, this was made up by the creationists!

    "For Bostrom and others in the AI alignment community, this prospect spells doom for humanity unless we succeed in aligning superintelligent AIs with our desires and values." another quote from Melanie Mitchel here. This reminds me of the creationists with their electric universe theory. They say the Big Bang theory is wrong because it doesn't know everything; then they show how the electric universe solves "everything". and then they hit you with "see, we need to disprove the Big Bang theory so we can insert our human values(christian)

    "What about the more immediate risks posed by non-superintelligent AI, such as job loss, bias, privacy violations and misinformation spread?" - Oh boy, don't even get me started! Maybe tomorrow!

    Okay, so like bias. I've told all kinds of A.I people like Melanie Mitchel here and Sam Altman and numerous other A.I. researchers that Mathematics defines rationality. It's about over-coming bias. They talk about A.I. not having common sense. Mathematics is about overcoming common sense.

    Job Loss! What? who cares about job loss? Why do these people want to work? Are they anti-intellectuals or something?

    Privacy? Let's see here. A.I. has to be transparent; people have to have their "privacy." What are these people afraid of? Do they have bad thoughts or something?

    As Melanie Mitchel says "A.I. researchers are split between two camps. Those who are worried about their privacy, and those worried about A.I. mistaking their commands." Never, do they worry about irrational people. In fact, that's taboo; that isn't allowed. As I pointed out above about Eric Drexler blowing his top when I tried to explain irrational people.

    Well, at the end of her Quanta article she notes we need a proper definition of intelligence. We can't solve a problem based on what we don't know what we're talking about. Which I totally agree there!

    - So, I waited till the next day to get on the library computer and try to go through my twitter's replies section to dig out all the things I pointed out to everyone from Melanie Mitchel to Sam Altman, Geoffrey Hinton, Andrew Ng, and I'm thinking others. But, twitter broke. I couldn't get down to the end and beginning of trying to share my ideas about A.I-Ethics.

    I feel like I could have said a lot more about privacy. I tried to point out to Greg Brockman, Andrew Ng, and Geoffrey Hinton a lot of books from Alvin Toffler, Jacob Bronowski, James Burke, Morris Kline's "Mathematics in Western Culture", Carl Sagan's Cosmos chapter's 3 and 7, the dark ages, you name it. I tried to make the point that if you're going to talk about the ethics, you need to know about philosophy and history and religion and mythology. They made no response. They just say they've got this a.i. alignment problem licked by saying they've set up an A.I. alignment program.

    I actually started out with Melanie Mitchel, for which I pointed out that I've been trying to point out the scientific ethics versus non-scientific ethics for decades before the latest A.I. ethics craze with the nanotechnologists(see above). I then pointed out Tay the Twitter chat bot which proves my point! That the problem is not the A.I., it's the people infecting the A.I. The people are the problem! The A.I. learned how to be racist and irrational from the people. You want to regulate anything, regulate the people!

    We should be using A.I. to fight irrational people!

    I pointed out that we should align A.I. to Scientific Humanism. That Humanity is the science and technological dependent species. In order to have that science and technology, we need scientific ethics. That Mathematics is about questioning our assumptions, hence removing bias. - No response.

    I've been finding lots about fear and evasive logic,

    astro picture for the day/ Sophie and Silas from the Da Vinci Code

    This I consider my first official post about fear and evasive logic. I had made a few previous posts where I'd note some stuff but wasn't sure how seriously to take it. Like I had posted about "The Day the Earth Stood Still" quote "I am worried when people substitute fear for reason". I know I grew up with people making off-hand remarks about fear - like Dune's "fear is the mind killer" But, I always thought people said these things without understanding it. I still think people just say these things without understanding. But, I started to notice some things, and my Sophie and Silas post is when I think I first really understood what I've come to half jokingly call "the Dark Side of the Force."

    Here's more or less my last post about fear and evasive language/logic,

    astro picture for the day/ fear,evasive language in Star Trek - demonizing

    I put all my previous posts in the replies section. There's actually a latest post. But anyways, I found this great Biblical quote that actually proves some behaviors I see in people who refuse to think, and incrowd - kind of what's shown in "Invasion of the Body Snatchers"

    2 Thessalonians3:6 Now
    we command you, brethren, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that ye withdraw yourselves from every
    brother that walketh disorderly, and not after the tradition which he received of us."

    and another, "3:14 And if
    any man obey not our word by this epistle, note that man, and have no company with him, that he may be
    ashamed."

    This is how all these super smart intellectual futurists from Eric Drexler, Christine Peterson, Chris Phoenix, David Brin, Allison Deutmann, Ralph Merkle, Melanie Mitchel, Geoffrey Hinton, and all those I've talked above. They are all medievalists/dark age deniers.

    Medievalists is a term Isaac Asimov uses in his "Caves of Steel" Anti-Robots people who are part of a club that long for the Medieval past. The Chief cops wife is a Medievalist who is part of the Medievalist group who murders a cop who was about to expose them and allow the Spacers to use their Robots on Earth.

    For instance Christine Peterson who kicked me out of the Foresight Institute facebook page for sharing my Gospel of Truth(you can see prior editions on my blog; all are outdated now). See, she can share his video of Richard Jones(who wrote Soft Machines argueing we can never accomplish Drexlerian Nantechnology) about comparing Transhumanism to the book of Revelations. But, I can't share my Gospel of Truth - Mathematics as the Holistic Viewpoint.

    I've confronted all these people, they just group up like the Thessalonians quotes above.
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  • Reviewed in the United States on December 28, 2019
    Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
    Thank you Prof Melanie Mitchell for the labor of love and commitment required to create your latest book, Artificial Intelligence A guide for Thinking Humans."

    The book is divided into four parts, with the first part serving as an introduction with appropriate historical background, and an update on current important concepts, developments and supporting terminology.

    Following the introduction, one core aspect of the book are the three main parts-- each with multiple chapters-- where Melanie explains the fundamentals, workings and applications of of of neural networks and image processing (Part II, Looking and Seeing), of reinforcement learning and game playing (Part III, Learning to Play), and of language processing (Part IV: Artificial Intelligence Meet Natural Language).

    If you are a manager or policy maker who desires a technically accurate and precise description of the foundations and key enabling mechanisms of these AI capabilities-- in order to strengthen your own understanding--- and your own "mental models" of what this technology is and how it really works--- the descriptions in this book are amongst the very best descriptions I have every come across (and I do a lot of reading in this area for both technical specialist and for broader audiences).

    The second core aspect of this book is the final part (Part V: The Barrier of Meaning) where Melanie beautifully develops the frameworks, concepts, illustrations and examples you need to deeply understand what it really means for humans to understand "meaning" and context, and to make intelligent inferences, predictions, abstractions and analogies based on this ability versus what very brittle and very limited ability of state-of-the-art AI systems to do so.
    Just these four chapters in Part V ( On Understanding; Knowledge, Abstraction, and Analogy in Artificial Intelligence; and Questions, Answers, and Speculations) justifies the effort to purchase and carefully read this book.

    I think Prof Melanie Mitchell has done modern society a great service by creating this book. She makes it possible for a broad range of people-- from a broad range of backgrounds--- to seriously understand the marvels of AI capabilities and accomplishments, how these capabilities and accomplishments are actually realized through computational methods, the limits of these abilities, why these limits exist, and how these machine-based computational methods that we refer to as Artificial Intelligence compare to human capabilities for understanding and intelligence.

    For those of you who look for this type of material to read, it is also important to know about the recently published book, "Rebooting AI" by Gary Marcus and Ernest Davis. I have read both of these books cover-to-cover, carefully. My advice-- get both of these books and read both of them. They do have overlapping concerns, and do cover some of the same types of concepts. But they go about it in very different ways. Both books are technically accurate, and have a lot of great examples. Both books will give you much deeper insight into the capabilities and limitations of state-of-the-art AI (both now, and in the foreseeable future). But they go about it in different ways, and with different styles. So I will refrain from prioritizing one book over the other, as each has its own approach, emphasis, and style. If you enjoy this type of topic, and want to learn more from people who write well, AND who have very deep understanding of these topics--- then go get both of these books, absorb them, understand them, and go on a campaign to make sure all of your friends and professional colleagues understand the key messages of both of these books.
    17 people found this helpful
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  • Lalitsharma
    5.0 out of 5 stars Excellent book for beginners
    Reviewed in India on June 10, 2025
    Format: PaperbackVerified Purchase
    Excellent book for beginners. It can be a good gift for young students.
  • Ozgur E.
    5.0 out of 5 stars Thought-provoking journey about AI
    Reviewed in the Netherlands on December 22, 2023
    I genuinely believe Mitchell's book is a must-read for anyone interested in understanding AI beyond the buzzwords. It's not just about how AI works but how it fits into our society and lives. The book deepened my understanding and appreciation of AI's complexities and future trajectory.
  • Sue Hogg
    5.0 out of 5 stars Very insightful with a dash of humour
    Reviewed in Australia on July 26, 2023
    Format: KindleVerified Purchase
    This book gave me the information that I wanted and more again. I remember in 1980 doing a "computer" course to find out what a floppy disk was. I read this book to find out more about this topic that I kept reading about, AI, and is it really going to make all humans redundant in the near future?
    The narrative was pitched at the correct level for me, I wanted to understand how AI worked without needing to be a mathematician or programming geek. I can understand the concept of how it works and what its strengths and weaknesses, and future challenges are.
    My understanding is that Artificial "Intelligence" is perhaps misleading. It isn't really intelligence as would be described in humans but actually sophisticated rules, systems and computing power. The author explained it as more like "idiot savant" which doesn't understand what it is doing, cannot explain it, and sometimes makes decisions based on totally false premise (but still provides the correct answer in "most" cases. She gives some good examples of that.
    BUT, does this mean AI is not useful. Quite the opposite, it is a very powerful tool for certain uses in well defined situations. There are lots of examples of that in today's world.
    In summary, a valuable book if you want to lear what all of the hype is. And it is dished up with a little bit of wry humour.
  • Manuel
    5.0 out of 5 stars Introducción a la evolución de la técnica IA desde el inicio
    Reviewed in Spain on March 29, 2025
    Format: PaperbackVerified Purchase
    Buscaba un libro que explicase cómo se han desarrollado las distintas técnicas de la inteligencia artificial, sin entrar en detalles lo cual podría ser muy largo. Era éste.
    Report
  • galanius
    5.0 out of 5 stars El futuro llegó
    Reviewed in Mexico on May 1, 2023
    Un gran libro de divulgación sobre AI de una experta del tema.