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What If? (International Edition): Serious Scientific Answers to Absurd Hypothetical Questions Paperback – September 2, 2014

4.6 out of 5 stars 18,624 ratings

From the creator of the wildly popular webcomic xkcd, hilarious and informative answers to important questions you probably never thought to ask Millions of people visit xkcd.com each week to read Randall Munroe’s iconic webcomic. His stick-figure drawings about science, technology, language, and love have an enormous, dedicated following, as do his deeply researched answers to his fans’ strangest questions. The queries he receives range from merely odd to downright diabolical: • What if I took a swim in a spent-nuclear-fuel pool? • Could you build a jetpack using downward-firing machine guns? • What if a Richter 15 earthquake hit New York City? • Are fire tornadoes possible? His responses are masterpieces of clarity and wit, gleefully and accurately explaining everything from the relativistic effects of a baseball pitched at near the speed of light to the many horrible ways you could die while building a periodic table out of all the actual elements. The book features new and never-before-answered questions, along with the most popular answers from the xkcd website. What If? is an informative feast for xkcd fans and anyone who loves to ponder the hypothetical.
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About the Author


Randall Munroe is the author of the #1 New York Times bestseller What If?, the science question-and-answer blog What If, and the popular webcomic xkcd. A former NASA roboticist, he left the agency in 2006 to draw comics on the Internet full-time, supporting himself through the sale of xkcd t-shirts, prints, posters, and books. He likes candlelight dinners and long walks on the beach. Very long walks. Lots of people say they like long walks on the beach, but then they get out on the beach and after just an hour or two, they say they’re getting tired. Bring a tent. He lives in Massachusetts.



Product details

  • Publisher ‏ : ‎ Mariner Books
  • Publication date ‏ : ‎ September 2, 2014
  • Language ‏ : ‎ English
  • Print length ‏ : ‎ 320 pages
  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 0544456866
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0544456860
  • Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 1.56 pounds
  • Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 6.93 x 0.79 x 8.98 inches
  • Part of series ‏ : ‎ What If?
  • Customer Reviews:
    4.6 out of 5 stars 18,624 ratings

About the author

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Randall Munroe
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Randall Munroe is the creator of the webcomic xkcd and author of xkcd: Volume 0. Randall was born in Easton, Pennsylvania, and grew up outside Richmond, Virginia. After studying physics at Christopher Newport University, he got a job building robots at NASA Langley Research Center. In 2006 he left NASA to draw comics on the internet full time, and has since been nominated for a Hugo Award three times. The International Astronomical Union recently named an asteroid after him: asteroid 4942 Munroe is big enough to cause mass extinction if it ever hits a planet like Earth.

Customer reviews

4.6 out of 5 stars
18,624 global ratings

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Customers say

Customers find the book highly entertaining, with well-researched answers that incorporate scientific facts into absurd questions. The writing style is simple and easy to understand, and the stick figure cartoons make the content engaging. Customers consider it an excellent gift across age ranges, particularly ideal for teaching young adults. While some customers say the chapters keep them interested, others find the questions too far out there, and while some appreciate the book's length, others feel it's too short.

1,485 customers mention "Entertainment value"1,431 positive54 negative

Customers find the book highly entertaining, particularly appreciating its hilarious short contemplations and fun brain exercises.

"...Since he's obviously very clever and resourceful, and seems willing to tackle enormous questions, his readers and fans often ask him questions...." Read more

"...This book is a compilation of the What If posts from his site. They are funny, and sometimes absurd, scientific answers to strange questions..." Read more

"...though, as he still answered the question thoroughly and in a very interesting manner...." Read more

"...The book is definitely more entertaining than it is educational..." Read more

1,066 customers mention "Educational value"1,048 positive18 negative

Customers find the book educational, with well-researched answers that incorporate scientific facts into absurd hypothetical questions. One customer notes how the book genuinely helps illustrate complicated physics principles, while another mentions it serves as a great gateway into science and math.

"...Since he's obviously very clever and resourceful, and seems willing to tackle enormous questions, his readers and fans often ask him questions...." Read more

"...They are funny, and sometimes absurd, scientific answers to strange questions people post to him. I listened to this as an audiobook...." Read more

"...and the answers are scientifically researched and thoroughly thought out. But the way they are presented is pure awesome...." Read more

"...of the questions also helps, as sometimes there are follow up questions to certain ones..." Read more

260 customers mention "Writing style"222 positive38 negative

Customers appreciate the writing style of the book, noting that it is written in simple terms and easy to understand, with a knack for explaining things clearly.

"...I listened to this as an audiobook. It is narrated by Wil Wheaton and Wil does a great job narrating it...." Read more

"...and the answers are scientifically researched and thoroughly thought out. But the way they are presented is pure awesome...." Read more

"...Munroe is a brilliant writer. His drawings are simple, yet detailed, and highly accurate...." Read more

"...It's a fairly simple, easy to read light trivia book with some memorable bits of information ... that said, however, there are some areas where this..." Read more

134 customers mention "Gift value"134 positive0 negative

Customers find the book makes a great gift, particularly for armchair scientists and those with an inquisitive mind.

"...It would make a great gift, too, for anyone who likes science, humor, or both of the above." Read more

"...So with that slight bias in mind, this book is the perfect gift for anyone who despises math and physics!..." Read more

"...Great gift for college students. Q:If a person starts rising from the ground at 1 meter an hour, how long would it take them to reach space...." Read more

"...Pros: Awesome gift for kids and teenagers. The paper is fresh, the format and color is uncanny, the whole visual experience is attractive...." Read more

130 customers mention "Book for kids"121 positive9 negative

Customers find this book fantastic for both young adults and families, with one customer noting that the whole family was interested in it.

"Great book for pre-teen boys and teens." Read more

"...The print is large so this would be a great book for anyone in elementary school all the way to your Great-Grandma and there are lots of stick..." Read more

"Best book for scientific, math, astronomy, geology, etc nerds on the planet. This is a collection of the weird questions one is afraid to ask...." Read more

"...great sense of humor and a love for immature things, so this book is perfect for him...." Read more

114 customers mention "Illustrations"102 positive12 negative

Customers appreciate the book's illustrations, which feature stick figure cartoons that make concepts easier to understand and add humor to the content.

"...His drawing style is at once simplistic and instantly recognizable. His people are stick figures, but that doesn't diminish their cleverness...." Read more

"...being that Munroe is a cartoonist there are a lot of cool pictures in the hardcover book that are funny and help to explain things...." Read more

"...There are full inside cover illustrations, as well as an illustration on the physical cover of the book, *and* the dust jacket. Seriously...." Read more

"...The book comes with very helpful stick figure drawings that genuinely help to illustrate complicated physics principles...." Read more

83 customers mention "Interest"33 positive50 negative

Customers have mixed opinions about the book's interest: while some say it keeps them engaged with each chapter, others find the questions absurd and not very engaging.

"...Some of the questions Munroe answered seemed trite and a waste of time (beyond even what the word "trivia" entails)...." Read more

"Well written, funny, and a nice chapter-at-a-time book to have handy when idle time unexpectedly arrives...." Read more

"...There's a whole bunch of random information in there...." Read more

"...There are some really dumb questions sprinkled in for fun, but the ones that are taken "seriously" and analyzed are odd, interesting, and..." Read more

75 customers mention "Book length"49 positive26 negative

Customers have mixed opinions about the book's length, with some finding the chapters too long, while others appreciate that the stories are best read in short segments.

"This is a relatively small book that asks and answers lots of big question...." Read more

"...They said questions were fun, but they thought answers were too long, too complex, and too detailed...." Read more

"...The print is large so this would be a great book for anyone in elementary school all the way to your Great-Grandma and there are lots of stick..." Read more

"...The chapters are short, a page or 3 at the most so you can easily read a chapter or 3 on a work break or at lunch...." Read more

This book is delicious. It's also high in fibre ...
5 out of 5 stars
This book is delicious. It's also high in fibre ...
This book is delicious. It's also high in fibre, so worry not how you digest your literature. I'm having the kind of laugh only someone with enough background in math and physics truly can. But it's not too much to expect the well explained material won't educate and may be just the thing to open the eyes of aspiring, young geniuses. You can learn a lot from this book, particularly taking a more detailed examination of a question which appears absurd on the surface -- so much of what we take for granted in television and movies makes experts in the field groan audibly and cover their faces with the palm of choice -- the examination is the start of the journey toward learning (and to more questions and even more learning.) The illustrations are fun and accent the good-natured approach of the book. It's a pleasure to read and I highly recommend it to young students. Don't give up on your questions, proceed better armed to ask better questions, some of which are still going to be absurd, but possibly less so than the first one.
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Top reviews from the United States

  • Reviewed in the United States on October 3, 2014
    Format: KindleVerified Purchase
    A reader comes away from Randall Munroe's book, which is subtitled "Serious Scientific Answers to Absurd Hypothetical Questions," with the sense that Munroe likes to blow things up and burn them to the ground, and that may well be the case. Many of his answers are accompanied by the standard disclaimer—do not try this at home—except when says, "If you do do this at home, please send me the video."

    Munroe is a former robotics expert with NASA who "dropped out" to draw web comics. His most famous creation is xkcd, where three times a week he publishes a new comic, many of them presenting a fascinating—or ludicrous—take on math, physics, technology or life. His drawing style is at once simplistic and instantly recognizable. His people are stick figures, but that doesn't diminish their cleverness. This book is illustrated with similar drawings, often to provide the punch lines to jokes delivered in the text or to demonstrate a point.

    Since he's obviously very clever and resourceful, and seems willing to tackle enormous questions, his readers and fans often ask him questions. Some of these are, quite frankly, disturbing. These he relegates to interludes between batches of chapters with the appropriate heading "Weird (and Worrying) Questions from the What If? Inbox." Usually he answers these questions with a simple NO! or a scream, or a comic of the author reporting the questioner to the police, the FBI or Homeland Security.

    The other questions are of the sort that college kids might come up with late at night in dorm rooms or geeks would get into heated arguments over at ComicCon. No one asks Munroe who would win in a fight between this superhero and that one, but maybe he's keeping those for the follow-up.

    Many questions are about a matter of scale. How many of these objects would you need to do that? What would happen if something this big suddenly showed up or plummeted to the earth? A disturbingly large number of them ask what would happen to a person if something cataclysmic happened, like the sudden disappearance of all of their DNA (his answer unexpectedly segues into the side effects of chemotherapy and radiation treatments for cancer).

    Some questions have straightforward, simple answers. "What would happen to the Earth if the Sun suddenly turned off?" Everyone would freeze to death. However, Munroe is rarely content to stop there. He expands on these answers, taking them to a logical (or, some might say, illogical) extreme. He ups the ante, going far beyond what the person submitting the question had in mind—far beyond what is even remotely possible, so the answers become thought experiments. Many of his answers end with the extinguishing of life on earth or the destruction of the planet.

    But there's a method to his madness. He isn't just speculating. Okay, he does occasionally speculate, but he usually relies on hard science, with a few assumptions. While the book is entertaining and laugh-out-loud funny, it is also educational. There are very few formulas (the book does have an extensive bibliography where there are, no doubt, more than enough equations to satisfy those who demand more rigorous proofs), and Munroe takes some numerical shortcuts, but one is left with the impression that he has given these questions a great deal of thought and conducted considerable research.

    This would be a terrific book to give to someone with a burgeoning curiosity about the nature of things, as it demonstrates how entertaining science can be. Many of the answers are astonishing and counterintuitive, until Munroe lays out the reasoning behind them. What would happen to a glass of water if the lower half of the liquid were suddenly replaced by a vacuum. Not at all what a person might anticipate. If humanity were to die off (there he goes again), what would be the last remaining manmade source of light? Again, he digs deep, pursuing some unexpected avenues.

    Plus, for people who appreciate Munroe's unique, twisted sense of humor, the book is drop dead funny. But, as humorist Dave Barry often says, don't try to duplicate his experiments at home. By his own admission, he is not an expert on these subjects. Because he is willing to consult true experts, he just sounds like one.
    28 people found this helpful
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  • Reviewed in the United States on April 5, 2025
    Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
    This book was delivered before promised time. My daughter loves all the books by this author and had read it a while ago but she wanted to have one copy in her colkection
  • Reviewed in the United States on May 8, 2015
    Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
    Randall Munroe is the creator of the popular webcomic xkcd. Awhile ago he started a new section on his site called “What If”. This book is a compilation of the What If posts from his site. They are funny, and sometimes absurd, scientific answers to strange questions people post to him.

    I listened to this as an audiobook. It is narrated by Wil Wheaton and Wil does a great job narrating it. For me it is easier to listen to non-fiction books on audiobook (it just holds my attention better). However, I also own the book in hardcover and being that Munroe is a cartoonist there are a lot of cool pictures in the hardcover book that are funny and help to explain things. So while the audiobook was very well done and engaging, keep in mind you aren’t getting to see the funny drawings.

    This is the type of book that makes a good coffee table book and is fun to read one scenario at a time. When I listened to a whole bunch of scenarios in a row it all started to blur together a bit. It provides answers to questions like “How long would you live if your cells stopped dividing?” and “What would happen if the moon went away?” The book reminds a bit of the Mythbusters TV show because Munroe always had to take the scenario to the point of ultimate destruction or explosion (which is hilarious and highly entertaining).

    The book is written in a very humorous and snarky tone (which Wheaton reads perfectly in the audiobook). There are sections throughout called “Weird and Worrying Questions from the What If Inbox” that are also hilarious. These sections feature bizarre and disturbing questions that Munroe provides brief and sarcastic answers to. For example “How many cats yowling would it take to bring down a fighter jet?”

    Overall this is a humorous scientific read that provides scientific answers to bizarre questions. It reminds at times of the Mythbusters TV series in that nearly every scenario is taken to the point of giant explosions or mass destruction. I would definitely recommend to fans of the Mythbusters TV series, fans of xkcd, and fans of snarky science humor.
    4 people found this helpful
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Top reviews from other countries

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  • R
    5.0 out of 5 stars Outstanding book, well worth the purchase!
    Reviewed in Canada on December 1, 2015
    Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
    As a long time fan of XKCD, I thought I knew exactly what I was in for when I bought this book as a gift for my younger brother. In fact, I am very impressed with what I recieved!

    The quality of the book immediately caught my attention after unpackaging it. There are plenty of little jokes added to the dust jacket, cover, and even the end paper inside the covers! Some images of these are included in the Amazon pictures here, but I didn't look at them to closely before buying the book. Everything is written in the classic humour style of Munroe's comic. The hardcover has a little bit of a gloss to it that I appreciated.

    In terms of the actual content of the book, I was expecting verbatim explanations of the free content from the What-If webpage, with a few added questions that I hadn't seen before to flesh things out. This is more or less what I got. However, as I skimmed through (prior to gifting it to my brother, I just HAD to check out the new stuff quickly) it seemed like it was more detailed than I remembered. I think that some of the text might have been updated or added to, even on previously available explanations. I could be wrong, but that doesn't change how awesome the book is!

    This book is great for anyone who appreciates a good laugh, or is curious about science and the world around them! Lots of other people have already mentioned this, but the writing style is INCREDIBLY accessible for fans of all ages and levels of understanding. My brother is only 12, but he loves the book and regularly gets excited talking with me about things he's read in it. I'm an Engineering student myself, and really appreciate the way technical accuracy and accessibility manage to be combined. It's not an easy thing to do!
  • S13_Mills
    5.0 out of 5 stars Excellent book! Well worth a read!
    Reviewed in France on November 2, 2014
    Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
    The tagline says it all really - "Serious scientific answers to absurd hypothetical questions" - this book is very accessible, and will be enjoyed by anyone with a high-school level of science knowledge. I thoroughly enjoyed the book, and am certain I will read it again in the future, with the same amount of child-like glee I read it with the first time through!

    A great gift for a geek or scientist you know - they'll get laughs and smiles out of it, and proudly place it on the coffee table afterwards.
  • T. Leao
    5.0 out of 5 stars Análises meticulosas de perguntas que você nunca pensou em fazer
    Reviewed in Brazil on November 7, 2014
    Format: KindleVerified Purchase
    Esse livro traz um tipo de entretenimento diferente do que é comumente encontrado no mercado editorial, já que ele se dispõe a responder perguntas altamente incomuns e improváveis, através de uma análise muito bem fundamentada. Não se engane, porém, ao pensar que isso só pode ser feito de forma maçante e enfadonha, as ilustrações (familiares para quem acessa o xkcd diariamente) dão o toque de humor necessário para completar as respostas às perguntas "E se?". Recomendo fortemente pra quem se interessa por ciência e tecnologia.

    Como mencionado em avaliações anteriores a minha, o e-book decepciona bastante ao não fazer com que as citações funcionem, visto que elas são parte fundamental da resposta e sendo largamente utilizadas em alguns casos. As constantes viagens ao fim do capítulo se tornam um pouco trabalhosas demais.
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  • まさし
    5.0 out of 5 stars 知的好奇心がくすぐられました
    Reviewed in Japan on May 7, 2025
    元NASAのロボットエンジニアであり、人気ウェブコミック「xkcd」の作者でもあるランドール・マンローによる『What If?』は、「もしも〜だったら?」という突飛な疑問に対して、驚くほど真面目かつ科学的に答えるユニークな一冊です。

    セール中だったのであまり期待せずに購入したのですが、想像以上に楽しめました。ウェブコミックの読者から寄せられた奇抜な質問に真剣に答えており、思わず笑ってしまう場面も多く、同時に科学の勉強にもなります。

    もともと子供向けに書かれているため、ところどころに数学や化学の専門用語は出てきますが、全体としては平易な表現が多く、図や挿絵のおかげでスムーズに読み進められました。
  • thereader
    5.0 out of 5 stars Serious science presented in a hilarious way!
    Reviewed in India on December 5, 2014
    You will probably find this book in many 'best books of 2014' type lists, and putting it in such lists is completely justified. This book is hilariously entertaining and scientifically correct (in an approximate sense). What makes the book work is Randall Munroe's smart sense of humor that makes lot of the science in the book utter fun.

    For somebody like me from a Physics background, there is always an apprehension when picking up a book which has 'serious scientific answers' in its title. But it was a joy to read through Munroe deconstructing absurdly hypothetical questions while making it a whole lot of fun. This book is enjoyable at different levels depending on the technical expertise of the reader, but I'm sure the book will appeal to anyone with its humor and science.

    Definitely one of the best books I read in 2014. Highly recommended.