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Ways of Being: Animals, Plants, Machines: The Search for a Planetary Intelligence Hardcover – June 21, 2022
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Artist, technologist, and philosopher James Bridle’s Ways of Being is a brilliant, searching exploration of different kinds of intelligence―plant, animal, human, artificial―and how they transform our understanding of humans’ place in the cosmos.
What does it mean to be intelligent? Is it something unique to humans or shared with other beings― beings of flesh, wood, stone, and silicon? The last few years have seen rapid advances in “artificial” intelligence. But rather than a friend or companion, AI increasingly appears to be something stranger than we ever imagined, an alien invention that threatens to decenter and supplant us.
At the same time, we’re only just becoming aware of the other intelligences that have been with us all along, even if we’ve failed to recognize or acknowledge them. These others―the animals, plants, and natural systems that surround us―are slowly revealing their complexity, agency, and knowledge, just as the technologies we’ve built to sustain ourselves are threatening to cause their extinction and ours. What can we learn from them, and how can we change ourselves, our technologies, our societies, and our politics to live better and more equitably with one another and the nonhuman world?
The artist and maverick thinker James Bridle draws on biology and physics, computation, literature, art, and philosophy to answer these unsettling questions. Startling and bold, Ways of Being explores the fascinating, strange, and multitudinous forms of knowing, doing, and being that make up the world, and that are essential for our survival.
Includes illustrations
- Print length384 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherFarrar, Straus and Giroux
- Publication dateJune 21, 2022
- Dimensions6.4 x 1.2 x 9.3 inches
- ISBN-100374601119
- ISBN-13978-0374601119
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Editorial Reviews
Review
"The ideas in this book are so big, so fascinating and yes, so foreign, you are going to need people to talk to about them . . . This book is going to stretch you . . . Bridle has created a new way of thinking about our world, about being . . . Please read this important book. Read it twice. Talk about it. Tell everyone you know.” ―Brenna Maloney, The Washington Post
"Spanning millenniums, continents and academic disciplines, the scope of Bridle’s curiosity and comprehension is immense, and the possibilities of how other intelligences might augment or complement our own are exhilarating to consider . . . There is something hopeful and even heartening in their faith that our current disastrous course might be shifted not only by new policies and technologies but also―and more fundamentally―by the power of new ideas." ―Stefan Merrill Block, New York Times Book Review
"Bridle is a clear, artful writer and a sweeping thinker . . . [A] hopeful book, almost an antidote. It imagines technology not as something separate and menacing, but as part of a grand unfolding―an 'efflorescence', to use Bridle's word―along an evolutionary continuum of human and 'more-than-human' ways of being in the world." ―Peter Christie, Post Magazine
“In making clear the patience, imagination and humility required to better know and protect other forms of intelligence on Earth, [Bridle] has made an admirable contribution to the dawning interspecies age.”
―The Economist
"[A] fascinating survey . . . Bridle makes a solid case for his argument that 'everything is intelligent' and that all life on Earth is interconnected, and his notion that intelligence is 'one among many ways of being in the world' is well reasoned and convincing. This enlightening account will give readers a new perspective on their place in the world."
―Publishers Weekly
“An accessible but also technologically precise book . . . [Ways of Being] makes a remarkably compelling case for the universality of reason, the benefits to be reaped by acknowledging it, and the urgent need to do so given the reality of looming ecological collapse . . . A provocative, profoundly insightful consideration of forms of reason and their relevance to our shared future.”
―Kirkus Reviews (starred review)
“There's a new breed of thinkers―people who've grown up through the collapse of an old order and are looking at the first shoots of a very different future. James Bridle is right at the front of this thinking. His writing weaves cultural threads that aren't usually seen together, and the resulting tapestry is iridescently original, deeply disorientating and yet somehow radically hopeful. The only futures that are viable will probably feel like that. This is a pretty amazing book, worth reading and rereading.”
―Brian Eno
“James Bridle encourages you to widen the boundaries of your understanding, to contemplate the innate intelligence that animates the life force of octopuses and honeybees as well as apes and elephants. We humans are not alone in having a sense of community, a sense of fun, a sense of wonder and awe at the beauty of nature. Be prepared to re-evaluate your relationship with the amazing life forms with whom we share the planet. Fascinating, innovative and thought-provoking, I thoroughly recommend Ways of Being.”
―Dr. Jane Goodall, DBE, Founder of the Jane Goodall Institute & UN Messenger of Peace
"James Bridle’s wonderful book will make you feel and think the power of knowing how like all other lifeforms we are. There is nothing more important."
―Timothy Morton, author of Hyperobjects: Philosophy and Ecology After the End of the World
"James Bridle’s brilliant Ways of Being shows the importance of listening to one another and our surroundings, and creating new forms of community."
―Hans Ulrich Obrist, artistic director at the Serpentine Galleries, London
"A profound and elegant exploration of nonhuman intelligence that unfurls a wider, more expansive notion of thought itself. Bridle’s view of the mind, embedded in a more thoughtful world, is a revelation."
―Alexandra Kleeman, author of Something New Under the Sun
About the Author
Product details
- Publisher : Farrar, Straus and Giroux
- Publication date : June 21, 2022
- Language : English
- Print length : 384 pages
- ISBN-10 : 0374601119
- ISBN-13 : 978-0374601119
- Item Weight : 1.4 pounds
- Dimensions : 6.4 x 1.2 x 9.3 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #213,234 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #9 in Animal Behavior & Communication
- #69 in Artificial Intelligence & Semantics
- #205 in Biology (Books)
- Customer Reviews:
About the author

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Customer reviews
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- Reviewed in the United States on May 24, 2025Format: HardcoverVerified PurchaseA very unique book which touch’s on a range of different subjects. This book is outside of normal classifications, and therefore challenging to even review. But I am glad that I read it, and I took away some insights and learned to look at things from different angle.
- Reviewed in the United States on March 19, 2024Format: HardcoverVerified PurchaseJames Bridle has written a masterpiece in the Ways of Being. This is the kind of book that will expose you to new ideas and new paradigms in a beautiful way. The author is deeply passionate about this subject and it comes through in his beautiful writing. This book has helped me tune in to the more-than-human world around me, and appreciate the intelligence and complexity of our natural world in ways I never had before. Additionally he looks at AI as an emerging intelligence. This book is a love letter to our planet's beauty, and is inspiring in a way few books have been for me in some time. I deeply appreciate Mr. Bridle for writing this book, and I have bought many copies as gifts for my friends and family. I am not sure I have ever loved a book on first read the way I love this one. I will definitely revisit this book throughout my life.
- Reviewed in the United States on November 19, 2022Format: HardcoverVerified PurchaseI have only just begun to read it. It is heady and takes concentration. I will stay with it as it is interesting and informative.
- Reviewed in the United States on March 15, 2023Format: HardcoverVerified PurchaseFor anyone interested in how we got to where we are and getting a good idea of how we might better get to where we all would like to go on this planet, this is an amazing book. Ways of Being traces the origins and evolution of many separate species and shows how all are related and interdependent. It becomes very clear that to keep our planet and ALL life thriving as much as possible, we need to recognize that if harm is done one place it affects the whole planet. The solutions to the challenges we face are known but it will require us to be the caretakers of the planet we are meant to be. Please read this book - it makes the dangers clear but also offers us achievable solutions.
- Reviewed in the United States on September 1, 2024Format: PaperbackVerified PurchaseThis book, though perhaps with too much demagoguery, is a genuine eye-opener.
- Reviewed in the United States on February 10, 2024Format: HardcoverVerified PurchaseI've started and stopped this more than once, and skimmed too, something I rarely do. Some of the information is intriguing, but as an editor, I found the book badly edited. It's wordy and repetitious and not reader-friendly enough. Each time I think I should dive back in, I find something else more compelling.
- Reviewed in the United States on January 26, 2023Format: HardcoverVerified PurchaseQuite simply, this book will blow your mind! Planetary, if not cosmic, in its scope, it will take your thoughts to where they've never been, and your heart will go along for the ride, too. It's a necessary corrective to the shallow, uncritical thinking that afflicts to many inhuman inhabitants of this globe. Get a copy, read and ponder....
- Reviewed in the United States on December 19, 2022Format: KindleVerified PurchaseAuthor offers ideas and concepts and makes the case for change. Concepts that we need to absorb and ponder to make the changes we have to make to safe our Mother Earth and ourselves. We need to have reverence for all of that surrounds us. Be doing that, we are saving ourselves. A must read
Top reviews from other countries
- CallawoodReviewed in Australia on September 7, 2022
5.0 out of 5 stars Quick delivery
Book arrived promptly, well packaged and in perfect condition, The book was a gift so i can't review the content!
- Hauke EnzenauerReviewed in Germany on April 11, 2022
5.0 out of 5 stars Outstanding
Fascinating and intriguing paths of thinking. This is a thrilling and oddly hope-inducing read, and a rich source for further investigation. I also recommend the author's equally great book New Dark Age from 2018
- LSReviewed in the United Kingdom on April 28, 2025
5.0 out of 5 stars Great
Really timely and insightful.
- AbrahamReviewed in Mexico on February 20, 2025
5.0 out of 5 stars A must read
If for no other reason, a quite original way of seeing, thinking, wondering of the current natural reality. Even if you don't fully understand it, I am sure it will change your way of thinking
- saiReviewed in India on February 23, 2023
5.0 out of 5 stars A breathtaking dive exploring our relationship with nature and technology
James pulls off a judo move of using various examples in technology as a tool to help us rethink our place in nature & reconnect with the (beyond human) world.
He weaves a fascinating tale with myriads of threads such as Cybernetics, Neural Nets, Internet, Random Numbers, Analog computers, Slime molds, Sortition vs Voting, Mycelium, Mysticism in animals, Turing machines, Personhood of non-humans etc