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Undiluted Hocus-Pocus: The Autobiography of Martin Gardner

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Martin Gardner wrote the Mathematical Games column for Scientific American for twenty-five years and published more than seventy books on topics as diverse as magic, philosophy, religion, pseudoscience and Alice in Wonderland . His informal, recreational approach to mathematics delighted countless readers and inspired many to pursue careers in mathematics and the sciences. Gardner's illuminating autobiography is a disarmingly candid self-portrait of the man evolutionary theorist Stephen Jay Gould called our "single brightest beacon " for the defense of rationality and good science against mysticism and anti-intellectualism. Gardner takes readers from his childhood in Oklahoma to his college days at the University of Chicago, his service in the navy and his varied and wide-ranging professional pursuits. Before becoming a columnist for Scientific American , he was a caseworker in Chicago during the Great Depression, a reporter for the Tulsa Tribune , an editor for Humpty Dumpty and a short-story writer for Esquire , among other jobs. Gardner shares colorful anecdotes about the many fascinating people he met and mentored and voices strong opinions on the subjects that matter to him most, from his love of mathematics to his uncompromising stance against pseudoscience. For Gardner, our mathematically structured universe is undiluted hocus-pocus--a marvelous enigma, in other words. Undiluted Hocus-Pocus offers a rare, intimate look at Gardner's life and work and the experiences that shaped both. .

288 pages, Hardcover

First published September 29, 2013

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About the author

Martin Gardner

538 books464 followers
Martin Gardner was an American mathematics and science writer specializing in recreational mathematics, but with interests encompassing micromagic, stage magic, literature (especially the writings of Lewis Carroll), philosophy, scientific skepticism, and religion. He wrote the Mathematical Games column in Scientific American from 1956 to 1981, and published over 70 books.

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Displaying 1 - 30 of 30 reviews
Profile Image for Brian Clegg.
Author 215 books2,879 followers
November 2, 2013
I was delighted to see Martin Gardner’s autobiography, as he was a great science writer. I loved his mathematical columns (mostly encountered through collections like Mathematical Puzzles and Diversions) and his annotated versions of books by Lewis Carroll – and he wrote well on the matter of pseudoscience.

I ought to say straight away that the book was a bit of a disappointment. In part this is simply because Gardner had a very ordinary sort of life. I don’t say that disparagingly – it’s just like most of us. When you read a book about someone like Richard Feynman you have both the opportunity to read about his amazing work, and his remarkable life. Gardner’s work is its own tribute, while the life of a science writer is not all that exciting, certainly in this case.

The other problem I had is that a lot of what’s in the book doesn’t particularly resonate. There are long sections about subtle debates in obscure (and now mostly forgotten) versions of 20th century philosophy, plus the politics of the University of Chicago that is hard to get excited by. And there is also Gardner’s sense of humour, which seems to be very much of a different age. Whenever he recounts a ‘funny’ story, it’s a bit like looking at an old Punch cartoon – you can’t quite understand why it was considered humorous. This comes through strongly when Gardner spends several pages recounting the ‘hilarious’ exploits of a practical joker friend.

At one point we are told there are many examples of this practical joker at work, but Gardner is just picking out two, presumably the best. One of these involves writing to a paperclip manufacturer, complaining that the box of 100 clips only has 98 in it, and when he opened the box, it smelled funny. The punchline is that the manufacturer wrote back to say that numbers in the box varied, so it could be a couple under or over 100, and they didn’t know why it smelled funny. My, how we roared with laughter.

Attempts at humour aside, the book comes alive when Gardner talks about mathematical puzzles, magic and testing fraudulent pseudoscience – but it is a relatively small part of the content. Also of real interest is his honest explanation of why he was a deist, though no longer a Christian, and the entertainment he clearly got from winding up atheists who expected him to be one of them with his arguably irrational but very human arguments.

If, like me, you are are a Gardner fan, you will find material to interest you in here – but don’t expect it be a rip-roaring page turner of an autobiography. It is a gentle meander through a mostly unremarkable life story that produced some decidedly remarkable writing.
Profile Image for Joshua Buhs.
647 reviews122 followers
February 17, 2017
So, in this disheveled autobiography--his own words--Martin Gardner comes across as Gilderoy Lockhart.

Obviously, I never knew Gardner, and by the accounts I've read, he seems to have been well-respected with a lot of friends. But this book does nothing to make that case. It's barely a book, more notes toward a book.

Again and again (and again and again), he'll cut himself off and tell the reader to consult one of his many other books. It's not once or twice or even thrice he does this, but dozen of times. And each time, I could only think of Lockhart interrupting one of his speeches in Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets to tell some adoring fans to go out and buy another of his books to get the rest of the story.

I mean, what's the point?

And narcissistic? Yes, Gardner's persona here i very egotistical. He admits that early in his own life, he flipped through a number of different belief systems, and even when he wrote this--in 2010, not long before his death--was outside the usual range of skeptics in being Christian and a mysterian. (He says he's a mysterian and explains it, using almost the exact same words, three different times!), so you'd think he might have some empathy for people who do not think like him.

Nope!

He's constantly scoffing at almost everyone else, because they do not think exactly as he does, and his is the only way to think correctly: one should favor science, have little interest in culture or history, think like a mathematician, accept that there is one god (but anything more is pure balderdash), have social democrat leanings (to the extent that all developed countries are socially democrats) favor classical aesthetics and dismiss modern art and literature.

It is impossible to resist the conclusion that Gardner wants to be an outsider, wants to consider him one of the elect, the few who know the universe's true secrets. Almost everyone else is benighted. There are a vanishingly small number of people who have different views from him and to whom he extends some measure of respect. But not the great mass of people.

The real problem is that, on the evidence of this book, Gardner's intellect is not special. His ideas come across as biases, his opinions the grumbling of an old man--who cannot even finish his thoughts and repeats himself endlessly.

Very disappointing.
Profile Image for Jim Coughenour.
Author 4 books198 followers
August 13, 2016
Martin Gardner's collection of essays The Night is Large is on my bookshelf next to Frederick Crews's Follies of the Wise – a natural pairing of skeptics whose debunking is full of delight. I also have the "definitive edition" of Gardner's Annotated Alice. I've never read any of these books cover to cover but I pick them up from time to time and genuinely enjoy their contents.

Undiluted Hocus-Pocus is short enough to read in an afternoon, and it made this Sunday in San Francisco fly. Midway through Gardner refers to his book as a "slovenly autobiography" – and in truth it's fairly pedestrian, a relaxed collection of memories, friends and opinions. On the other hand Gardner wrote it at 95, a fact I find more astonishing than any of his magic tricks or mathematical games. The (amused) confession that he is a kind of theist startled some of his friends and readers.* Gardner calls himself a "mysterian" – although one should probably beware of a magician who begins by saying "Let me spread my cards on the table." Mysterians "share a conviction that no philosopher or scientist living today has the foggiest notion of how consciousness, and its inseparable companion free will, emerge, as they surely do, from a material brain.... Surely there are truths beyond our grasp as our grasp is beyond that of a cow." I'm with him there. The neologism is a change from "agnostic" or "atheist" when it comes to admitting that we can pose important, intelligible questions for ourselves that we have no way of answering – even as we are equally incapable of subscribing to a religious or scientistic dogma.

I finished the book thinking that Gardner reminds me of an extremely smart boy in his enthusiasms – his pleasure in games, riddles, and magic tricks as well as his taste in literature, poetry, and art. Everywhere is the playful sparkle of a curious intelligence, but there's nothing I'd call profound, and almost nothing I'd call bitterness. The foreword and afterword salute him as a wonderful friend, which I do find easy to believe.
_______________________
* Shortly before he died, Carl Sagan wrote to tell me he had just reread my [The Whys of a Philosophical Scrivener], and was it fair to say I believed in God only because it made me happier? I responded by saying, in effect, "You've got it!" (201)
Profile Image for Clay.
386 reviews6 followers
August 6, 2014
I think Gardner echoed my thoughts in the first sentence of his last chapter when he called this a "disheveled memoir". (I almost used his Chapter 11 summation of "slovenly autobiography," but things got a tad better in the second half.) I feel that Gardner can write eloquently and cohesively and brilliantly about just about anything, except himself.

I had certain expectations about what I thought Martin Gardner's life and background must have been from reading his Scientific American "Mathematical Games" columns (and collections) and several logic and puzzle books. I was surprised to find that he had no formal training in math or physics. Instead, he pursued a Philosophy degree and was a connoisseur of poetry and he wrote and edited many different kinds of books and novels that I was previously not aware of. His lack of science training, though, helped him create potable explanations for hard topics that I have always appreciated.

As for the book, it is organized mostly chronologically. He relates events and anecdotes about the people he met and worked with and interacted with throughout his life. Unfortunately, these tidbits didn't extend past 1-3 paragraphs before he would be delving into another person or quite a different situation. In describing the important people and professors that he dealt with, I found Gardner exhibiting an almost prurient fixation on the religious beliefs and self-categorizations of almost everybody around him. (Studying philosophy, I guess that is what was important to him at the time.)

It may be that he was writing this late in life, but several of the episodes have something that he's forgotten (how they met, something that was exchanged, why they met, etc.). It was aggravating to read these, almost like he started to tell a joke, but left out the punchline; and why he felt the need to mention that he has forgotten this or that was also a mystery. There are a couple of stories repeated, but I may have noticed those more than the casual reader since I read the bulk of the material in just a few sittings.

A touch of editing and some rearrangement into a less rambling and "disheveled" account would have been appreciated. Even so, I'm happy to have some background (and a wealth of previously unknown Gardner writings to pursue) on the life of a man I have admired for many, many years.
Profile Image for Gendou.
605 reviews312 followers
March 5, 2015
I know of Gardner from CSICOP and the Skeptical Inquirer. I was pleased to learn in this book of his involvement with the likes of James Randi, Isaac Asimov, John Conway, and even Salvador Dalí. I'd hoped there would be more in this book about debunking and "hocus-pocus" but alas, it's a fairly typical memoir. Gardner talks about growing up religious, writing, creating math puzzles, and there's at least one chapter about his skeptical work. He talks at length about being inspired by Frank Baum and Lewis Carroll.

An odd theme throughout the book is his flavor of "because I wish it were true" deism. He calls himself a mysterian which seems to mean he believes in the so-called hard problem of consciousness. He also subscribes to Roger Penrose's crackpot theory that microtubule cause consciousness. This stuff is really off-putting and out of character for an otherwise skeptical person. Everyone has their sacred cow, I guess.
1,066 reviews
February 24, 2019
I suppose one of the most important functions of an autobiography is to show what the author considered important in their life. What Gardner considered important, as reflected in his autobiography, was magic, debunking, philosophy, poetry, but most of all the other people in his life. Much of the book reads like a disheveled (Gardner's own word) collection of reminiscences about the people he has known through his life, usually just a paragraph so we do not get to know them ourselves. The parts about what happened in his life and when, which I was expecting the book to be about, were relatively sparse, although I did not get a sense that anything was missing. I did learn a couple aspects of his life which surprised me -- he briefly was interested in Seventh-Day Adventism (until he learned about E. G. White and Geology 101), and he never took any college math classes. I also found it amusing that many of his geographical moves were motivated by the need for more space for his note files and library.

I wavered between giving this book three stars or four. The book is not terribly engrossing. For as remarkable as Martin Gardner himself was, his life was rather pedestrian. This book is valuable for summarizing that life, but if you really want to get to know Martin Gardner, I recommend his other books, particularly _Whys of a Philosophical Scrivener_, the "Mathematical Games" collections, _Aha!_, and some of his debunking books.
300 reviews
April 18, 2020
This is supposed to be Martin Gardner's autobiography, but he was writing it when he was very old and a year before dying. Whether he was senile or simply lacked the time to do any editing and revisions, the publishers put the book out simply because of the author's name. I've seen bad books put out by otherwise good writers after they died, with evidently the same motivation by the publishers in mind.

Basically there is the story of Martin's childhood, but then he rambles on about different people he met, vacillating between time periods and saying too little or too much about the various people he refers to, and too often saying "See this book or that book of mine on a subject." This got rather irritating. He mentions various magic tricks but fails to describe them. He refers to politics and economics but fails to prove he has too much knowledge on either subject.

Skip this book and find the other books that Martin Gardner wrote instead.
Profile Image for Brian Borchers.
10 reviews
February 26, 2023
I came to this book as a long time fan of Martin Gardner's Mathematical Games columns and his many books on recreational mathematics. Gardner authored over a hundred books, so you'd expect this autobiography to be well written. What I found was a collection of mundane memories and descriptions of the interesting characters that Gardner met during his life. I didn't feel that I came away with much of an understanding of his motivations.
Profile Image for Jens Fiederer.
43 reviews
February 25, 2017
Fairly dry autobiography of a fascinating man

I'd consider this more a collection of interesting stories than an autobiography. His kids are barely mentioned, his romantic experiences are reduced to a brief account of dating his wife.
89 reviews
November 30, 2022
Truly a one of a kind. We need more like him and fewer of everyone else and that includes me. Great read.
Profile Image for Jim Razinha.
1,379 reviews74 followers
January 15, 2014
This is not the man I imagined when reading all those Mathematical Games columns, nor the one who became my one of my favorite skeptics when I first read Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science...he's quite human. I always marveled at how he could call pseudoscience (and the cranks pushing it) for what it was without libelous criticism. He set that tact aside in his last book and it was refreshing. I also always marveled at his research connections...debunking required access to rare resources that I can't find today in an Internet age.

Not a "normal" autobiography, this seemed a stream of consciousness collection of "people I knew" and some "things I've done" memoir and Gardner knew a lot of people. He talks about pubs and restaurants, colleges and classes, obscure poetry and the not-news-to-me revelation of and reasons for his belief in God.

That subtle wit that insulted cranks and quacks without them knowing it wasn't necessary here, and as I noted, he set it aside in many places. A few chuckles (emphasis mine):

[on "creeping socialism"] "...said Alan Greenspan in one of his rare intelligible remarks."

[on Dianetics} "Years later Hubbard added to the therapy a wild, idiotic mythology..."

[on cranks] "Each year an untold number of people die as a result of putting their trust in Christian Science or some other form of medical crap such as homeopathy."

Priceless gems! and about time.

No puzzles to solve - though he references a few and names some conjuring tricks...something for the readers to pull the thread on, should they choose. He unabashedly doesn't qualify his assessment of a few poems as "perfect", though I don't have his ear for them. And his admiration of G.K. Chesterton doesn't fit the image of the man who helped found the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal. Props to the man, though. If I had heroes, he'd be one.
252 reviews11 followers
November 4, 2013
There is no doubt in my mind that Martin Gardner is one of the best and one of the most important writers of nonfiction in the 20th (and early 21st) century. His writings about science, pseudoscience, mathematics, magic, and so many other topics inspired several generations of people, and did so because he knew how to write a good story even about material that would be dry in other people's hands.

So I was excited to hear that he had an autobiography coming out posthumously. And it was interesting to read, but I have to admit that it did not live up to my hopes and expectations. It reads very much as if you were in a room with someone and they just started telling you stories about their life -- it is rambling and jumps around a lot and skims over some things I would have liked to hear more about while spending lots of times on other things. I don't read many autobiographies because they often have these failings -- most people don't have the perspective on their own lives and aren't going to go out and do research to check things themselves -- and while I had hoped for better from Gardner, it was not to be. That said, some of the stories are fascinating and funny and insightful, and it was nice to read some last words written by the man.
7 reviews2 followers
May 16, 2024
How is it that the most beloved person in mathematics in recent decades was in fact a philosophy major, who started his professional life as a social worker, then a navy yeoman, then for eight years writing novelty children's magazines?

If there's a clear answer to this question, it is sadly not to be found in his autobiography. We do see some clues, though: Gardner was an obsessive writer with diverse interests, one of which ended up as an article in Scientific American, then a column sustained for 25 years. As a mathematical outsider, he served as the field's chief publicist of broadly accessible ideas, attracting many grateful friends and sources among practicing mathematicians and computer scientists. This created a virtuous cycle, sustained by Gardner's infinite energy for writing.

I'm impressed that his creative energy lasted up until a posthumously published autobiography, but unfortunately this book was mostly uninteresting to me: Gardner's religiosity, his idle philosophy of science and consciousness, his many piecemeal recollections. There is not much evidence here of why he was so remarkable. For that we must look to his dozens of other books.
Profile Image for Allan Edmonds.
6 reviews2 followers
February 2, 2014
A fun read about the man who encouraged more budding mathematicians than anyone else through his Mathematical Games column at Scientific American. It was especially interesting to read of the early experiences that made him the person he was: his growing up in Tulsa, which is about 50 miles from where I grew up, and about his student days at the University of Chicago, where one of my daughters attended. The quality of the writing wasn't quite what I hoped for. I suspect that the volume, which he wrote at age 95, probably never received the level of editing that it might have, had he not died soon after. I found it interesting that he ended up back in Oklahoma, where one of his children lives, after his wife died. The book is more or less chronological, although dates and places are sometimes a bit unclear. Gardner came to know quite a number of magicians and mathematicians. A unique combination! The book concludes with more personal and rather idiosyncratic ruminations on the existence of god and of an afterlife.
Profile Image for Paulo.
Author 3 books4 followers
July 8, 2014
I knew Gardner from his puzzles and recreational maths. I knew he was a magician, too. Enough to be willing to read his autobiography because he seems to me an astonishing person.

I became amused to learn he hadn't any degree in mathematics because he had an extensive knowledge in this branch. In fact, there is very few maths in this book, you ought to find another biography to learn about Gardner's mathematics. Here you'll read about philosophy, religion, pseudoscience, poetry, magic, the fantastic worlds of 'Alice' and Oz... and almost no maths.

You'll find also a relaxed collection of memories, friends and opinions about this and that. Even an index through his entire work, Gardner quotes his own books and he says in which one and in which chapter you can read about certain topics. Besides he explains just this same about books of his friends or books in which he had encountered something interesting or that he has been influenced in some way.

But above all in this book you learn that Martin Gardner was an enthusiast about everything he undertakes through his life.
Profile Image for Martha.
206 reviews7 followers
February 27, 2014
Autobiographical ramblings rather than a real autobiography and certainly not memoirs. Lots of interesting stuff on pseudoscience debunking, magic, and massive name dropping as you might expect from someone who knew nearly everyone in Amer science. But badly in need of an editor to cut out repetition, tighten the structure, enhance narrative flow, and try to elicit more analysis which should have been forthcoming from someone with such wide knowledge who wrote so brilliantly for so many decades. Struck me as an indulgence to an eminent 95-year-old which they wanted to get out while his memory was still green.

A good read esp if you followed Gardner's columns and enjoy science and/or magic, but I did skim toward the end.
Profile Image for Jo Oehrlein.
6,341 reviews9 followers
December 20, 2013
Doesn't feel well-edited because there are some repetitive parts. Feels in many ways like a series of disconnected essays on different parts of his life.

Lots of name-dropping of people he met and worked with and papers and books he's written. Also talks about how he got started writing his Scientific American column and some of the different things he explored there. There's a good bit about the people he knew through magic, also.

Not consistently deep as far as what information he tells about what parts of his life.

Nice to hear from his own lips about his life story -- the most famous recreational mathematician of our age.
Profile Image for University of Chicago Magazine.
419 reviews29 followers
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August 13, 2016
Martin Gardner, AB’36
Author

From our pages (Nov–Dec/13): "Polymath—emphasis on the poly and the math—Martin Gardner, who died in 2010, recounts his rich and varied life in this conversational memoir. From his Oklahoma childhood to a UChicago education to his naval service to stints as a reporter, editor, and short story writer, Gardner shares intimate anecdotes and sharp opinions. Scientific American’s Mathematical Games columnist for 25 years, Gardner published more than 70 books on topics such as magic, philosophy, religion, and pseudoscience. Undiluted Hocus-Pocus, according to Publishers Weekly, 'demonstrates his passion to explain and understand the world around him.'"
Profile Image for David Failing.
33 reviews
April 27, 2014
I guess I ought to read a biography rather than an autobiography if I want to learn a little more about Gardner's mathematics (or just get some of his puzzle collections). However, his descriptions of growing up in Oklahoma were interesting, as were his stories of attending the University of Chicago and serving in the navy. I should have suspected he'd known Ron Graham and Persi Diaconis (fellow mathemagicians), but never knew he had an Erdos number of 2! Otherwise, the book was the typical reflections of a coherent 95 year old on a life well lived.
Profile Image for Jennie Leigh.
177 reviews2 followers
July 21, 2014
This one is hard to review. On one hand, the author has reached a level of age and eccentricity that the book is really and truly odd. He zooms in on the most random of anecdote that leaves the reader wondering if there was an editor involved at all. On the other hand, I have such an intensely personal connection to Gardner than I couldn't help but love the book and all of the juicy details. If you love him, its a definite must-resd. If not, this might leave you puzzled.
Profile Image for Thomas.
Author 1 book55 followers
July 10, 2015
I have to admit I was a bit disappointed by this one. I've been an admirer of Gardner's for many years, but I'm sorry to say he wasn't the best choice of biographer for himself. The first half of the book, in particular, feels more like an inventory of the people he's met (which is interesting, but a bit tedious in presentation) than anything really insightful about his character or life. Still, the second half it much better, though it jumps quickly over many great gaps of time.
Profile Image for Peter Faur.
Author 1 book2 followers
October 17, 2016
This unusual, accomplished gentleman wrote the Mathematical Games column for Scientific American for 25 years and published more than 70 books on topics as diverse as magic, philosophy, religion, pseudoscience, and Alice in Wonderland. His illuminating autobiography is a candid self-portrait of the man evolutionary theorist Stephen Jay Gould called our “single brightest beacon” for the defense of rationality and good science against mysticism and anti-intellectualism.
Profile Image for Thomas.
6 reviews
January 2, 2015
This does not pretend to be great literature; and it is not as well written as many of his other books. What this is is a delightful reminiscence of a long and exciting life. This is what you might expect to hear in the library after dinner over cigars and port. It is a very intertaining read and I am ver glad that we have it now that he is gone.
67 reviews15 followers
February 8, 2014
There are too many "I once met this interesting person, and you can read about her in my other book ..." and "I had a friend in college, now he has a job" anecdotes. The last few chapters, in which MG tells us about his own philosophies and how he arrived at them, are golden.
Profile Image for Mike Horne.
592 reviews15 followers
January 22, 2014
If you like Martin Gardner, good book to read. If you have never read him, read The Flight of Peter Fromm or one of his other great books. This is the reminiscents of a 90 year old man who had an amazing life. Not a great book, but lots of good stories.
1,285 reviews9 followers
January 20, 2014
Funny, touching, charming. Only wish it were longer. Even in his mid-nineties, he was thoughtful of other people, referring to one idiot he encountered in his WWII navy career only as X in case the man or his family are still around. A fitting cap to a career of writing engaging books.
Profile Image for Daniel DeLappe.
627 reviews6 followers
July 23, 2014
I loved this book due to the fact I have always been a huge fan of Mr Gardner's work. A fascinating that lead a fascinating life.The belief part was interesting. It was a short book which was a problem. Some things could have been discussed deeper.
Profile Image for Steve Gross.
928 reviews3 followers
October 13, 2013
Only for diehard Martin Gardner fans, but very entertaining if you are one.
Profile Image for Lenore Riegel.
64 reviews8 followers
November 3, 2013
A rollicking romp through a beautiful mind. Highly recommended for science and math buffs. A must-read for Science Fiction fans. Gardner wrote the Annotated Alice - need I say more?
180 reviews3 followers
March 24, 2016
One of the best autobiography. Learnt a lot about mathematical recreation, puzzles and magic. Interesting mathematical games. Exposing pseudo science
Displaying 1 - 30 of 30 reviews

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